Dampak Modal Sosial terhadap Kesejahteraan Rumah Tangga Perdesaan di Indonesia

Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of instrumented aggregate social capital on welfare (proxy with per capita household expenditure) among rural households in Indonesia. The research has found three instrumental variable, including participation of household in religious activity, participation of household in sport activity, and the number of social organizations in rural areas to solve the endogeneity problem. Using a model two stage least squares (2SLS), the study focus on the issue whether ownership of the aggregate social capital help household to increase per capita expenditure. The result indicates that aggregate social capital affects the welfare status positively and significantly. Further, the results show that the estimate of the instrumented aggregate social capital from the 2SLS model is higher than OLS model. To enhance social capital and increase welfare, we suggest government agencies should facilitate the participation of households in community activities and increase the number and activities of social organizations in rural areas.

Kebijakan Pembentukan Modal Sosial Dan Pengurangan Kemiskinan Di Rumah Tangga Perdesaan Indonesia

“…Implementasi kebijakan pengurangan kemiskinan perlu membangun institusi-institusi sosial yang memungkinkan terbentuknya modal sosial yang berperan dalam mengentaskan kemiskinan di perdesaan Indonesia (Rustiadi, et al, 2009;Fauzi, 2010;Slamet, 2010). Modal sosial telah terbukti berperan dalam pengurangan kemiskinan di Indonesia (Grootaert, 1999;Vipriyanti, 2007;Slamet, 2010;Nasution, et al, 2014aNasution, et al, , 2014b. Penelitian di negaranegara berkembang lain juga menunjukkan peran penting modal sosial dalam mengurangi kemiskinan (Narayan & Pritchett, 1999;Grootaert, 2001;Grootaert, et al, 2002aGrootaert, et al, , 2002bGrootaert, et al, , 2002cAker, 2007;Okunmadewa, et al, 2005Okunmadewa, et al, , 2007Yusuf, 2008;Hassan & Birungi, 2011;Tenzin, et al, 2013).…”

“…Semakin banyak anggota rumah tangga, maka berarti semakin banyak pula kebutuhan rumah tangga yang harus dipenuhi. Dengan demikian, semakin banyak anggota rumah tangga berkaitan dengan menurunnya pendapatan per kapita rumah tangga (atau berhubungan negatif dengan kemiskinan) (Hassan & Birungi, 2011;Nasution, et al, 2014aNasution, et al, , 2014b.…”

Community Satisfaction toward Posdaya Assistance Program in West Java

“…Therefore, Zulfida et al (2015) view that several factors need attention, namely the socialization of program objectives to increase community participation, training and assistance. This is to enable the rural households (especially poor households) to have greater access to social capital through participation in community activities (Nasution et al, 2014).…”

“…Community participation as a social capital in development is needed. Nasution et al (2014) states that rural households (especially poor households) can increase access to social capital by participating in community activities.…”

Perkembangan Destinasi Pariwisata dan Kualitas Hidup Masyarakat Lokal

“…Heterogenitas dianggap sebagai salah satu modal sosial yang penting bagi berkembangnya suatu destinasi pariwisata. Menurut Nasution et al (2014) modal sosial dapat didefinisikan sebagai serangkaian nilai dan norma informal yang dimiliki bersama diantara para anggota suatu kelompok masyarakat yang memungkinkan terjadinya kerja sama diantara mereka. Tiga unsur utama dalam modal sosial adalah trust (kepercayaan), reciprocal (timbal balik), dan interaksi sosial.…”