Urban expansion and urbanization have been continuing to grow rapidly, especially in Asian megacities. Greater Jakarta (Jabodetabek) has emerged as the world's second largest urban area, with a population of 28 million in 2010, where urban expansion has a significant impact on the local as well as the global environment. Efforts to control urban expansion must start from a clear understanding of its various driving forces at a local, regional, and global level. Studies of the interdependencies between these driving forces in the local spatial relationships in emerging Asian megacities remain limited. This study explores the driving forces of urban expansion in Jabodetabek by considering local spatial dependency and analyzes the spatial characteristics of this urbanized area as well as identifies spatial variations in the relationship between urban expansion and its driving forces by using Geographically Weighted Regression. The presented findings show that the driving forces affecting urban expansion in the Jabodetabek region vary spatially. Owing to the influence of the global and regional economies on Jabodetabek, we find that the demographic, infrastructural, and natural elements driving forces significantly affect urban expansion in this region according to location. Outside the core of this megacity, urban expansion in most areas is significantly affected by local demographic as well as infrastructural driving forces. Jakarta city, as the core of the Jabodetabek megacity, is becoming independent of these local driving forces, however, since it is now more characterized as a global city and thus tending to have more linkages with the world market.
Regencies in the northern coast of Central Java must transform their development priorities, based on their local potential resources and optimize their new sources of growth. Jepara, a costal regency located in northern coast of Central
ABSTRAKKabupaten-kabupaten pesisir di pantai utara Jawa Tengah perlu mentransformasi prioritas pembangunan pada potensi sumber daya lokal dan mengoptimalkan sumber-sumber pertumbuhan baru di wilayahnya. Jepara, salah satu kabupaten pesisir di pantai utara Provinsi Jawa Tengah, mempunyai panjang garis pantai 82.73 km dengan 16 kecamatan yang terdiri atas 9 kecamatan pesisir dan 7 kecamatan pedalaman. Konsentrasi penduduk di wilayah pesisir menyebabkan perkembangan kecamatan pesisir lebih maju dibandingkan dengan kecamatan pedalaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) menganalisis tingkat perkembangan kecamatan berdasarkan kelengkapan infrastruktur wilayah dan (2) menganalisis persepsi stakeholder mengenai pengembangan kawasan pesisir Kabupaten Jepara. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis skalogram dan AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Hasil analisis tingkat perkembangan kecamatan berdasarkan kelengkapan infrastruktur wilayah menunjukkan bahwa Kecamatan Kedung, Kecamatan Jepara,
The socio-economic development in Jakarta-Bandung Mega Urban Region (JBMUR) caused the increasing of urban expansion and led to a variety of environmental damage such as uncontrolled land use conversion and raising anthropogenic disaster. The objectives of this study are: (1) to identify the driving forces of urban expansion that occurs on JBMUR and (2) to analyze the environmental quality decline on JBMUR by producing time series spatial distribution map and spatial autocorrelation of floods and landslide as the proxy of anthropogenic disaster. The driving forces of urban expansion in this study were identified by employing Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model using 6 (six) independent variables, namely: population density, percentage of agricultural land, distance to the center of capital city/municipality, percentage of household who works in agricultural sector, distance to the provincial road, and distance to the local road. The GWR results showed that local demographic, social and economic factors including distance to the road spatially affect urban expansion in JBMUR. The time series spatial distribution map of floods and landslide event showed the spatial cluster of anthropogenic disaster in some areas. Through Local Moran Index, we found that environmental damage in one location has a significant impact on the condition of its surrounding area.
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