ABSTRAKLaboratorium kimia merupakan salah satu jenis laboratorium yang memiliki resiko sangat berbahaya dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan, penelitian dan/atau pengabdian kepada masyarakat, sehingga laboratorium harus dikelola dan digunakan secara baik dan bijaksana. Pengoperasian peralatan sebagai salah satu aktivitas Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) merupakan aktivitas secara rutin dilakukan di laboratorium kimia. GLP dapat mewujudkan keselamatan kerja di laboratorium dan meminimalisir kerusakan peralatan akibat kesalahan operasi dan pemeliharaan instrumen. Kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah demo peralatan/instrumentasi Laboratorium Kimia Analitik FMIPA–Universitas Mataram. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu pelatihan dan pendampingan yang berupa demo peralatan/instrumentasi meliputi kromatografi gas–spektroskopi massa (GC-MS), kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT), spektrometer serapan atom (SSA) dan infra merah (FTIR). Kegiatan ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dasar mitra dalam pengoperasian instrumentasi tersebut. Mitra kegiatan adalah 20 mahasiswa program studi Kimia semester lanjut (5-8). Keberhasilan kegiatan diukur dengan membandingkan skor tes mitra sebelum dan setelah kegiatan dilakukan. Kegiatan pengabdian berlangsung baik dan menghasilkan peningkatan pemahaman serta keterampilan mitra dalam mengoperasikan instrumen yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan skor tes mitra. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat mewujudkan GLP sehingga kegiatan penelitian dilakukan dengan aman dan efisien. Kata kunci: pelatihan; instrumen; good laboratory practise; mahasiswa. ABSTRACTChemical laboratory is one type of laboratory that has a very dangerous risk in the implementation of education, research and/or community service, so the laboratory must be managed and used properly and wisely. Equipment operation as one of the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) activities is a routine activity carried out in chemical laboratory. GLP could realize work safety in laboratory and minimize instrument operation and maintenance mistake This community service activity was a demonstration of instrumentation of the Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, FMIPA–University of Mataram. The method of activity carried out are training and assistance in form of instrument demo including gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC or HPLC), atomic absorption spectrometer (SSA or AAS) and infrared spectrometer (FTIR). This activity is carried to improve basic skill of partner in operating of instruments. The activity partners are 20 students of the advanced semester (5-8th semester) in Departement of Chemistry. The success of activity was measured by comparing the partner’s test score before and after the activity was carried out.The service activity went well and could increase the partners' understanding and skills in operating the instrument. This activity is expected to realize the GLP so that research activities are carried out safely and efficiently. Keywords: training; instrument; good laboratory practice; student.
The synthesis of polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) based on chitosan and determination of their antibacterial properties had been conducted. The microstructure of PECs obtained were described by SEM analysis, while inhibition activity of PECs against S. aureus and E. coli was determined by measuring inhibitory zone diameter. Characteristics of chitosan, alginate and κ-carrageenan as natural polymers which non-toxic, biodagradable and safe to eat meet the edible film criteria. Chitosan as a polycationic interacts with alginate and κ-carrageenan as polyanionic under the appropriate conditions to form PEC film. Based on FTIR spectra, it was found that interaction of chitosan and alginate as well as chitosan and κ-carrageenan was an electrostatic interaction. Microstructure study using SEM found that PECs have irregular and fibrous surface structure. Based on their inhibitory activity against S. aureus and E. coli, PECs have the strongest antibacterial activity compared to their original polymer. Therefore, PECs film could be excellent edible film for food coating that protect product from bacterial contamination.
The preparation of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on bio-composite materials often requires crosslinking agents to achieve the desired stability and properties of the material formed. PEC with opposite charges has the advantage in self-crosslinking through electrostatic interactions. Chitosan is a positively charged polysaccharide with -NH3 + group while κappa-carrageenan is a negatively charged polysaccharide with -OSO3 − group. This work focused on synthesizing chitosan-carrageenan membrane and determining its characteristics. The membrane was prepared by interacting chitosan and carrageenan hydrosols at a pH of 5. The obtained chitosan-carrageenan membrane had better physical-mechanical properties, including tensile strength (load), elongation (strain), and elasticity (modulus young), adsorption, and resistance of water, than the constituent polymers. The FTIR spectra indicated the presence of self interaction in membrane between protonated amine groups of chitosan and sulfate groups of carrageenan. The difference in surface morphology among chitosan-carrageenan membrane and its constituent membranes was confirmed by SEM analysis.
ABSTRAKAsam humat telah diketahui memiliki dampak tidak langsung dalam perbaikan kualitas tanah di lahan kering, akan tetapi harga asam humat dalam jumlah banyak yang relatif tinggi tidak dapat dijangkau oleh petani. Hal ini yang mendorong pemanfaatan teknik modifikasi yang dapat mengurangi jumlah pemakaian asam humat tanpa mengurangi manfaatnya, yaitu dengan mengimobilisasi asam humat pada suatu material pendukung seperti rumput laut. Kegiatan pengabdian ini berupa penyuluhan kepada mitra tentang penerapan asam humat terimobil dalam rumput laut sebagai pelengkap pupuk yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas tanah sehingga potensi lahan kering sebagai lahan pertanian meningkat. Mitra kegiatan adalah Kelompok Tani jagung “SBP 212” dan UPTD Dinas Pertanian Perkebunan Kelautan Kehutanan dan Perikanan (DPPKKP) Kec. Bayan. UPTD DPPKKP Kec. Bayan juga berperan dalam difusi Ipteks dan sebagai motor penggerak untuk menyebarkan kegiatan kepada anggota kelompok tani sasaran lainnya sehingga kegiatan dapat berkelanjutan. Keberlanjutan kegiatan diharapkan dapat terjaga untuk peningkatan potensi lahan kering sebagai lahan pertanian produktif yang ditandai dengan peningkatan produktivitas tanaman. Kata kunci: penyuluhan; asam humat; rumput laut; pelengkap pupuk; lahan kering. ABSTRACTHumic acid is known to have an indirect impact on improving soil quality in dry land, however, the price of humic acid in large quantities is too expensive for farmers. It was important to use of modified techniques that can reduce the amount of humic acid used without reducing its benefits, namely by immobilizing humic acid in a supporting material such as seaweed. The service activity, counseling to farmer group about application of immobilized humic acid in seaweed as fertilizer complement to increase soil productivity so that dry land as potential agricultural land increases. The partner of the activity is the “SBP 212” Corn Farmer Group and UPTD Department of Agriculture, Plantation, Marine, Forestry and Fisheries (DPPKKP) Kec. Bayan. UPTD DPPKKP Kec. Bayan also plays a role in science and technology diffusion and as mediator to disseminate the activities to other target farmer group members for sustainability of activity. It is expected that the sustainability of activities can be maintained to increase dry land uses as productive agricultural land that indicated by increasing of plant productivity. Keywords: counseling; humic acid; seaweed; fertilizer supplement; dry land.
This article is a part of studies to investigate the potential of natural products from Lombok Island for antidiabetic agents. This study was directed to learn the metabolite variations of peanut hulls collected from three different locations in Lombok Island. The hull samples were extracted in methanol, followed by partition process into three fractions using three solvents with varied polarities (dichloromethane, hexane and acetone). The fractions were then separated and identified for their chemical composition by using GC-MS instrument. Metabolite variations of three extracts showed that the antidiabetic compounds stigmast-5-en-3-ol and oleic acid were found in all three locations with different percentages of abundance. Another antidiabetic compound, linoleic acid, was only identified in peanut hulls from the village of Pringga Jurang (PJ). Besides the antidiabetic compounds, there were other major compounds with known biological activities discussed to find other uses of the hulls.
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