Synthesize of self-electrostatic interaction chitosan-carrageenan membrane and its properties

Abstract

The preparation of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on bio-composite materials often requires crosslinking agents to achieve the desired stability and properties of the material formed. PEC with opposite charges has the advantage in self-crosslinking through electrostatic interactions. Chitosan is a positively charged polysaccharide with -NH3 + group while κappa-carrageenan is a negatively charged polysaccharide with -OSO3 − group. This work focused on synthesizing chitosan-carrageenan membrane and determining its characteristics. The membrane was prepared by interacting chitosan and carrageenan hydrosols at a pH of 5. The obtained chitosan-carrageenan membrane had better physical-mechanical properties, including tensile strength (load), elongation (strain), and elasticity (modulus young), adsorption, and resistance of water, than the constituent polymers. The FTIR spectra indicated the presence of self interaction in membrane between protonated amine groups of chitosan and sulfate groups of carrageenan. The difference in surface morphology among chitosan-carrageenan membrane and its constituent membranes was confirmed by SEM analysis.

Progress of Carrageenan‐Based Films and Coatings for Food Packaging Applications

“…When two oppositely charged compounds are mixed in solution, they can combine by electrostatic interactions; it has the advantages of environmental friendliness and nontoxicity. For example, the –NH 2 on the chitosan molecule is protonated to –NH 3 + in dilute acid aqueous solution, which is electrostatically cross‐linked with –OSO 3 − on the carrageenan molecule by electrostatic interactions, and finally, the electrostatic cross‐linked film is generated [99]. The mechanical properties of the film are enhanced, probably due to the reduction in intermolecular distances, resulting in a compact structure of the film [108].…”

Recent Development of Functional Chitosan-Based Hydrogels for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications

“…While retaining the properties, such as nontoxicity, pH-responsive, hydrophilicity, and biodegradability, of the individual original polymers, e.g., chitosan and hyaluronic acid, the chemical, physical, and other functional properties of the hydrogel are different [ 70 , 71 ]. Moreover, polyelectrolyte complexes, such as chondroitin sulfate [ 72 ], carrageenan [ 73 , 74 , 75 ], and carboxymethyl cellulose [ 76 , 77 ], or other water-soluble nonionic polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) [ 78 , 79 , 80 ], can also form polymeric bonds with chitosan, resulting in the hydrogel. By amide bond crosslinking between the carboxylated PVA and chitosan, as well as coordination crosslinking between chitosan and Fe 3+ , mechanical, adhesive, and self-healing properties of the hydrogel can be enhanced [ 81 ].…”