Microalgae is a phytoplankton that has antimicrobial activity. From 20 blue-green microalgae species, 78% have antibacterial activity and 42% antifungal activity, but there are still many other microalgae species that have unknown their activities. One of the microalgae whose unknown antimicrobial potential is Spirulina plantentis. The purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial potential of autotrophic microalgae (Spirulina plantentis) which can be used as antimicrobial compounds from natural materials. This study used the agar diffusion method to see the antimicrobial activity of autotrophic microalgae. Microalgae suspension was tested their antimicrobial activities by using Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. The result shows that the MICs of Spirulina plantentis suspension against C. albicans, E. coli and S. aureus were 62.5 ppm, 125 ppm and 500 ppm. The MBCs against C. albicans, E. coli and S. aureus were 125 ppm, 250 ppm and 500 ppm. Antimicrobial activity of Spirulina plantentis suspension exhibited week against C. albicans and E. coli, but no antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. Spirulina plantentis produced inhibition zone against C. albicans by 3.9 mm at 125 ppm and 15.6 mm at 250 ppm, against S. aureus and E. coli by 1.4 mm at 500 ppm and 1.6 mm at 1000 ppm. Against E. coli by 8.55 mm at 500 ppm and 12 mm at 1000 ppm.
Recently, we have been conducted synthesis of complex compounds of Fe(III)N’-(3- nitrobenzoyl)isonicotinohydrazideusing refluxing N’-(3 -nitrobenzoyl)isonicotinohydrazideas ligands and FeCl3.6H2O as the metal at 75 °C for 6 hours in ethanol. The synthesis results obtained82.45% recovery, and from the purity test are shown with a narrow melting range is 220-222°C. Based on identification with UV-Visible spectrophotometer, infrared spectrometer and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) indicate that the complex compound have λmax of 272.00 nm, giving vibration of Fe-O at 495.1 cm−1 and 599.6 cm−1 with formula complex compounds, namely [Fe(C13H10N4O4(H2O)4)Cl3].10 H2O.
Marine microorganisms, one of which is sea fungus, have the potential to produce active metabolites which have pharmacological effects. This study aims to identify pure fungus isolates from mangrove litter and tested its antimicrobial activity on bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and fungus Candida albicans. In identification result of molecular using primary Internal Transcribed Spacer, Penicillium biourgeianum species were obtained in sequences DNA CTGGGTCAC…TAT. Sea fungus isolates later are fermented using a shaker at a speed of 150 rpm for 21 days and separated between the media and mycelium. The media was extracted liquid and the mycelium was macerated using ethyl acetate. Screening test of antimicrobial activity obtains the result showing antimicrobial activity against the tested microbes. Media culture and mycelium extracts which have antimicrobial activity are then determined by the MIC and MBC values. Most of the MIC test values are 256 μg/mL, which provide strong inhibitory. MBC value gained is 512 μg/mL showing a strong bactericidal. Study result shows that sea fungus isolates produce active metabolites that mostly have antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29737, Escherichia coli ATCC10536, and Candida albicans ATCC10231.
Piper sarmentosum Roxb are wild plants that are widely used as an itch and cough medicine. P. sarmentosum and Alpinia galanga contain flavonoid, saponin, and alkaloid which has a function as an antifungal. This study aims to determine the effect of extract ethanol of Karuk leaves and white galangal rhizome in influencing the growth of Microsporum gypseum in vitro. The study was carried out with an experimental method of fungi using the Kirby Bauer. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Karuk leaves (Piper sarmentosum ) and white galangal rhizome (Alpinia galanga) had an effective inhibitory effect on the growth of fungi M. gypseum and Candida albicans. The best inhibitory zone of Karuk leaf extract is at a concentration of 100% with a diameter of 34.2 mm inhibitory zone which is categorized as very strong (M. gypseum), diameter of 16.3 mm inhibitory zone which is categorized as strong (C. albicans) and while the inhibitory zone of galangal rhizome extract is the best, namely at a concentration of 100% with a diameter of 12,3 mm (C. albicans) and 32.06 mm (M. gypseum) inhibition with a very strong inhibitory response.
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