Potential of Autotroph Microalgae (Spirulina plantentis) as Antimicrobial agent

Abstract

Microalgae is a phytoplankton that has antimicrobial activity. From 20 blue-green microalgae species, 78% have antibacterial activity and 42% antifungal activity, but there are still many other microalgae species that have unknown their activities. One of the microalgae whose unknown antimicrobial potential is Spirulina plantentis. The purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial potential of autotrophic microalgae (Spirulina plantentis) which can be used as antimicrobial compounds from natural materials. This study used the agar diffusion method to see the antimicrobial activity of autotrophic microalgae. Microalgae suspension was tested their antimicrobial activities by using Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. The result shows that the MICs of Spirulina plantentis suspension against C. albicans, E. coli and S. aureus were 62.5 ppm, 125 ppm and 500 ppm. The MBCs against C. albicans, E. coli and S. aureus were 125 ppm, 250 ppm and 500 ppm. Antimicrobial activity of Spirulina plantentis suspension exhibited week against C. albicans and E. coli, but no antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. Spirulina plantentis produced inhibition zone against C. albicans by 3.9 mm at 125 ppm and 15.6 mm at 250 ppm, against S. aureus and E. coli by 1.4 mm at 500 ppm and 1.6 mm at 1000 ppm. Against E. coli by 8.55 mm at 500 ppm and 12 mm at 1000 ppm.

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Scenedesmus obliquus Microalgae in the Context of Integral Biorefinery Concept

“…According to published data, the antimicrobial effect of Scenedesmus spp. may be due to long-chain free fatty acids since they are one of the most potent antibacterial compounds from microalgae, especially eicosapentaenoic acid [31,[52][53][54][94][95][96][97][98], which is abundant in S. obliquus [36]. Similarly to Alsenani et al [99], we did not identify eicosapentaenoic acid in our S. obliquus extracts, but there are a number of other long-chain fatty acids with proven antibacterial activity.…”

Combined effect of transglutaminase and phenolic extract of Spirulina platensis in films based on starch and gelatin recovered from chrome III tanned leather waste

“…This is because most biodegradable polymers have hydrolysable bonds in their chain, and these are the bonds that make the material susceptible to biodegradation by microorganisms 68 . This occurrence is due to the large number of amino acids (resulted from the breakdown of gelatin proteins) in the polymeric matrix, which are highly hydrophilic, resulting in the dissociation of proteins when exposed to a humid environment, making them more easily degradable 69 , 70 , 71 . The additives in the films delayed the degradation process, as can be seen when comparing the results of the control films versus PESP and CTLW films with TGase and PESP.…”

Liposome System for Encapsulation of Spirulina platensis Protein Hydrolysates: Controlled-Release in Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions, Structural and Functional Properties

“…The liposomes were dissolved in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) to make a solution of 100 mg/mL and then diluted (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, and 256 mg/mL) by the culture medium. These dilutions (100 μL) were added to 96-well plates containing 100 μL of the desired bacteria and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. Then, the amount of light absorption at 600 nm was measured with a spectrophotometer and the rate of inhibition of bacterial growth was calculated according to the following formula [ 32 ]: MIC 50 % = (A control − A sample /A control ) × 100 …”

“…After 18 h of incubation at 37 °C, the CFUs per dilution were counted. MBC was calculated as the minimum nanoliposome concentration that resulted in a 99.9% reduction in bacterial growth compared to the control [ 32 ].…”