Our investigation was carried out in two phases. First we synthesized curcumin nanocrystals using a simple precipitation method and characterized their absorbance, crystallinity, size, and morphology by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and Particle size Analyzer (PSA), in comparison with bulk curcumin. Characterization studies revealed that the protocol we standardized resulted in Curcumin nanocrystals with 10-200 nm size which was fairly soluble in water in contrast to bulk curcumin. Due to its crystallinity, nanocurcumin that we synthesized was also referred as Curcumin Nanocrystals. In Phase 2, we have assessed the comparative antioxidant efficacy of Curcumin nanocrystals and bulk Curcumin in the circulation of 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine-treated rats by investigating lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase), GSH and GSH-dependent detoxification enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, gIutathione-S-transferase). Curcumin nanocrystals exerted its antioxidant effect by decreasing lipid peroxidation, and by enhancing the activities of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes studied. Curcumin nanocrystals exhibited its antioxidant action at 40 mg dose whereas the bulk curcumin exerted its effect at 80 mg dose. This may be due to enhanced solubility, dispersibility, and crystallinity of the nanocrystals, which might have enhanced its bioavailability when compared to poorly soluble bulk curcumin.
The aim of the present study is to investigate the antimicrobial activity, anticancer and phytochemical analysis of different extracts in Clerodendrum inereme. The solvents chloroform and hexane were used to extract the bioactive compounds from the leaves for their antimicrobial activity against different strains of bacteria by disc diffusion method. The maximum antibacterial activity was observed in crude choloroform extract of Clerodendrum inereme and analysis of phytochemical screening reveals the presence of Alkaloids, Sapopnins, Tannins, Steroids, Glycosides and Flavanoids.
Modern lifestyle, pollution, food habit, and stress have intensively enhanced the evolution of several diseases on human being. Medicinal plants are used from the ancient times for the therapeutic needs to cure various diseases as well as less toxic in nature. One of such plant is Cissus arnottiana which is used from the olden days which has been identified as an important medicine plant by many researchers all over the world. Cissus arnottiana contains phytochemicals such as alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds etc. In this present work methanolic stem extract of Cissus arnottiana is used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of gram negative and gram positive human pathogenic bacteria. DPPH assay is used to investigate the antioxidant properties of the methanolic extract. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract has been studied using anti proteinase assay. The MTT cell proliferation assay is carried out against HeLa cell line in which 44% of cells are viable for the concentration of 100 µg/mL. Interestingly, the methanolic stem extract can be used as a potential candidate for new therapeutic applications.
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