Plant extract-mediated biosynthesis of nanoparticles has proven to be a novel, rapid, cost-effective, non-toxic and eco-friendly method. For the first time, biological material in the form of aqueous extract of Annona muricata fruit (AMF) was successfully utilized for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The various parameters such as metal ion concentration, volume of the extract, temperature, reaction time and pH influencing nanoparticle synthesis have also been optimized. The structural and elemental components of the synthesized AgNPs were characterized. The UV-vis spectra gave surface plasmon resonance peak at 421nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed capping of nanoparticles with plant constituents. X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated a face-centered crystalline nature with an average size of 19 nm. Field Emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) showed their spherical shape and the presence of elemental silver were determined by Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Further, assessment of the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and photocatalytic property of biogenic silver nanoparticles attest to their utility for several biomedical and industrial applications. INTRODUCTION: Nanotechnology has attracted profound scientific interest worldwide during recent times due to its wider scope for applications in biology and medicine. Nanoparticles are clusters of atoms in the size range of 1-100 nm. Metal nanoparticles such as Ag, Au, Pt and Pd are being intensely studied due to their unique optical, electrical, catalytic properties amenable to biological tagging and pharmaceutical applications 1-2. Among these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have found extensive use in textiles, cosmetics and food industries 3 .
Introduction: Free radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are known to causes damage to the cellular biomolecules, resulting degenerative diseases. Antioxidants are prevent the oxidative damage caused by free radicals. Medicinal plants are having significant free radical scavenging potential due to the presence of various phyto-constituents. The present study was selected Euphorbia fusiformis Buch. -Ham. ex D. Don is a rare rhizomatous and medicinal herb belongs to Euphorbiaceae family. The purpose of current study to assess the antioxidant potential of various solvents (methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane) leaf extracts of E. fusiformis. Methods: The antioxidant assays like, DPPH radical, super oxide radical, nitric oxide radical, hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity and ferrous ion chelating potential were carried out in this study. Results: The results revealed that all extracts of E. fusiformis expressed varying degree of antioxidant property on different tested methods. Remarkable antioxidant activity was observed in acetone extract on the DPPH radical scavenging activity with the lowest IC 50 value of 15 µg/ ml followed by hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (IC 50 values of 42 µg/ml). The highest percentage of inhibition of nitric oxide radical, superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity was observed in methanol extract with low IC 50 values. Acetone extract of E. fusiformis showed good chelating potential on ferrous ions in ferrous ion chelation assay, with least IC 50 value. Conclusion: The results of present investigation suggest that E. fusiformis leaf extracts may be used as a natural antioxidant agent.
The <em>Ocimum</em> plant was traditionally used for mosquitoes repellent and control in India especially in Tamil Nadu. In this research, deals with the larvicidal, pupicidal and adulticidal potential of three different solvent extracts of <em>O. canum</em> against <em>Aedes aegypti</em>. The overall result highlights that the chloroform extracts of O. canum were shown significant larvicidal (15.027 mg/L) activity at 24 h of exposure. The pupicidal and adulticidal activity of this plant exhibits highest mortality against <em>A. aegypti</em> within 24 h at the dose ranges of 89.773 mg/mL, 41.912 mg/mL respectively. The chloroform extracts contain major phyto-constituents like phenol, alkaloids, protein and tannins. Thin layer chromatography profiles also provide a database for the presence of active components. GC-MS analysis of bioactive chloroform extract revealed that a total of seventeen compounds, six were considered as major and the remaining as minor compounds. The spectral studies of FT-IR denoted the functional groups of bioactive components like alkenes, ketone, hydroxyl and others. Based on the outcome of results show that <em>Ocimum</em> canum have found to potent ability for controlling the mosquitoes, it can be used as an ideal eco-friendly agent for arresting dengue fever in future.
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