BACKGROUND:Technology has provided a type of facility in the world that currently makes the world like a virtual globe. One of the technologies currently used by humans is gadgets. Generally, children and adolescents nowadays often use gadget excessively. They use it excessively which may affect their social and emotional functions.AIM:This study aims to determine the relationship between the duration of playing gadget and mental-emotional state of elementary school students.METHODS:This study uses Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) which contains 25 questions that can be used for children aged 8 to 16 years. This research was conducted in August 2018 with fourth-grade students of Public Elementary School and Private Elementary School Medan as respondents. This study uses a cross-sectional study method with the chi-square test as a statistical hypothesis test. The number of respondents in this study was 103 students consist of 73 students of Public Elementary School and 30 students of Private Elementary School Medan.RESULTS:The results of this study found a relationship between the duration of playing gadgets on mental-emotional at elementary school students with a probability value of 0.0001 (p < 0.05) and the relationship between the frequency of using gadgets and mental-emotional with a probability value of 0.001 (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:There is a significant relationship between mental emotional and the duration of playing gadgets and the frequency of using gadgets elementary school students.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most complicated complications of diabetes patients with Type 2 diabetes. AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy based on Clinical Neurological Examination (CNE) and the factors that influence the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy in Type 2 DM patients at Amplas Primary Health Care (PHC) in Medan City. METHODS: The research design was descriptive-analytic with the cross-sectional approach. The study population was all Type 2 DM patients who came to Amplas PHC with a total sample of 53 people using the consecutive sampling. The research data source is primary data, namely the assessment of diabetic neuropathy using the Clinical Neurological Examination (CNE) criteria. Data were processed using SPSS and analysis using the chi-square test. RESULTS: The results showed the majority of Type 2 DM patients had mild neuropathy as many as 24 people (45.3%). The Chi-square test results showed there was a relationship between age and duration of diabetes with the incidence of diabetic neuropathy in Type 2 DM patients at Amplas Primary Health Care. CONCLUSION: Education and early detection with proper management can prevent more severe complications so that the quality of life of patients can be maintained better.

BACKGROUND:Serum Procalcitonin (PCT) is a biomarker that is frequently used to diagnose an infection. In some cases of thoracic malignancy, procalcitonin level appears to increase. However, the role of procalcitonin to diagnose malignancy is not certain yet, and the causes have not been known.AIM:This study aimed to investigate procalcitonin levels in non-small cell lung cancer patients.METHODS:This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. All lung cancer patients did not diagnose based on cytology/histopathology results with no evidence nor were signs and symptoms of infection recruited through consecutive sampling. The subtypes of lung cancer include adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma, staged III and IV. The procalcitonin levels were analysed from blood using immunofluorescent assay. Data were then analysed with the Chi-Square test by Epi Info™ 7 programs in which p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:A total of 68 lung cancer patients fulfilled the criteria of this study, 55 men (80.9%) and 13 women (19.1%). The highest percentage of cytology/histopathology type found was adenocarcinoma (80.9%), and 60.3% of those were diagnosed in stage IV. An increased procalcitonin level (greater than 0.01 ng/mL) occurred in 80.9% of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients. It appears that the higher the stage of lung cancer, the lower procalcitonin levels would be, although it was not statistically significant. There was no association between lung cancer subtype with procalcitonin levels.CONCLUSION:An increased level of procalcitonin may be an indication not only for infection but also for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of prehypertension in the world reaches 20-25% with a figure that is still high in Indonesia (48.4%). The role of health promotion is substantial in an effort of prevention and treatment of hypertension. AIM: This study aims to determine the difference of effect between health promotion using media slides presentation and with video in increasing knowledge and attitude regarding the prevention of hypertension in patients at risk hypertension at Puskesmas Amplas. METHODS: his study uses a Quasi-Experimental design which from 48 samples that meet the criteria inclusion will be immediately given health promotion interventions with slides presentation and video. Respondents will be asked to fill out a questionnaire about knowledge and attitudes before and after the intervention. Data processing is done using the SPSS version 20 application. RESULTS: Distribution level of the knowledge of respondents before the intervention (Pretest) and after the intervention (Posttest) is (9.8, 2.68 vs 13.2, 1.58). Distribution of the pretest vs respondent's attitude level. Post test is (29.7, 2.76 vs 33.2, 3.52). Based on the comparison of effectiveness between video and slide presentation, the significance value of knowledge was 0.072, and the significance value of attitude was 0.000. CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in effectiveness between video with a slide presentation on improving attitudes towards hypertension prevention, and there were no significant differences in effectiveness between videos with slides presentation on increasing knowledge about prevention of hypertension.

Breast cancer was the second most common cancer that causes death in women worldwide. One ingredients of herbal plants as an alternative therapy in the community, was gambir leaves. This research was conducted to examine the anticancer activity of Uncaria gambir Roxb on T47D breast cancer cells in vitro. Six levels of concentration U. gambir (31.25 mg/ml up to 1000 mg/ml) was included on the 96 microplate well which had been filled with breast cancer cells, the positive control was doxorubicin (with concentration of 0.03-1 mg/ml). The anticancer effects of U.gambir was determined by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]- diphenyl tetrazolium bromide 2.5). The results showed the existence of anticancer activity of Uncaria gambir Roxb at concentrations of 250, 500 and 1000 μg/ml. The largest anticancer activity found at a concentration of 500 μg/ml with the percentage of apoptotic cells of breast cancer by 20%, but we also found a decrease in the value of the apoptotic at concentration of 1000 μg/ml. The IC50 of U.gambir was 1.086 μg/ml whereas the IC50 doxorubicin was 0.108 μg/ml. This study concluded that the inhibition of breast cancer cell growth by gambir leaves extract was still quite weak compared to doxorubicin.

BACKGROUND: Many researchers have been indicated that premature hair greying (PHG) may be associated with the multifactorial problem include genetic, trace elements deficiencies and some medical problems such as metabolic disorders. However, the risk factors for premature hair greying are not well known for young adult. AIM: This study aimed to determine the risk factors of hair greying in young adult. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study recruited 100 respondents of a college student at the Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) with the inclusion criteria: male, less than 25 years old with hair greying and not have skin pigmentation disorders. The questionnaires about greying of hair status, family history of greying and history of family disease were collected by self-report. RESULTS: The age of participants in this study was 20.09 ± 2.01 years (mean ± SD). The mean onset of PHG was 15.23 ± 3.52 years (range: 9 – 22 years). The family history of PHG was 39% with paternal in 262%; maternal in 10%% and both parents in 3%. There was a significant difference between several grey hairs with a family history of PHG P = 0.045. The family history with metabolic disorders; hypertension was 29%, obesity was 25%, and diabetes Mellitus (DM) was 15%. Limitations: Owing to the use of questionnaires, the possibility of recall bias exists. The young female was not evaluated in this study. CONCLUSION: The family history of PHG and onset of greying are important risk factors associated with PHG of a young adult.

AIM:This study aimed to analyse tuberculosis (TB) medication-taking behaviour based on the concept of concordance between health workers and TB patients in Medan, Indonesia.METHODS:This study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 100 patients undergoing TB treatment at several public health centres in Medan City participated in the study.RESULTS:The results showed that there was a relationship between the concordance behaviour of the health workers with the attitude and medication-taking behaviour of the patients (p < 0.05). However, there was no relationship found between concordance and knowledge of the patients (p > 0.05).CONCLUSION:The results showed that most of the concordance behaviour, knowledge, attitude, and behaviour in the sample were good.

Gangguan mental biasa terjadi di usia tua tetapi keadaan ini sering tidak terdeteksi dan tidak diobati. Gangguan mental memicu terjadinya cacat fungsional, gangguan rehabilitasi, dapat membebani sistem kesehatan dan merusak kualitas hidup pasien tua serta keluarga mereka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisisi hubungan gangguan emosional (depresi) terhadap kualitas hidup lansia di Kota Medan.  Disain penelitian analitik dengan pendekataan cross sectional.  Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh lansia (>60 tahun) yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tuntungan Medan.  Pengambilan sampel penelitian sebanyak 100 orang (rumus proporsi) dilakukan secara consecutive sampling (kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi).  Penilaian gangguan emosional menggunakan kuesioner Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) yang terdiri dari 30 pertanyaan merupakan instrumen yang valid untuk  menilai depresi yang terjadi pada lanjut usia, sedangkan penilaian kualitas hidup menggunakan kuesioner WHOQOL-BREF yang terdiri dari 26 pertanyaan dengan jawaban mengunakan Skala Likert (1-5).  Analisis data menggunakan uji chi squaredengan menggunakan program komputer SPSS.   Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 84 orang (84%) lansia tidak mengalami depresi, 15 orang (15%) lansia yang mengalami depresi ringan dan 1 orang (1%) yang mengalami depresi berat.  Kualitas hidup lansia mayoritas berada pada kategori yang cukup sebanyak 87 orang (87%).  Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara gangguan emosional (depresi) dengan kualitas hidup lansia di kota Medan (p<0.05).