Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran problem based learning dengan asesmen portofolio pada materi sistem imun ditinjau dari hasil belajar siswa di SMA N 3 Demak. Penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan penelitian pre-test post-tes control group design. Populasi penelitian seluruh siswa kelas XI MIA SMA N 3 Demak, pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling. Sampel  penelitian siswa kelas XI MIA 3 sebagai kontrol dan siswa kelas MIA 4 sebagai eksperimen. Variabel bebas berupa model pembelajaran dan variabel terikat berupa hasil belajar, kelas eksperimen menggunakan model problem based learning sedangkan kelas kontrol menggunakan model ceramah-diskusi. Efektivitas penggunaan problem based learning dipadukan asesmen portofolio terhadap hasil belajar siswa dianalisis dengan N-Gain, independent sample t test dan ketuntasan klasikal. Hasil penelitian menunjukan peningkatan aspek kognitif kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol, hasil belajar kelas eksperimen dan kontrol berbeda signifikan, dan ketuntasan klasikal eksperimen lebih dari 80 %. Simpulan penelitian model problem based learning dengan asesmen portofolio efektif diterapakan pada materi sistem imun. The research aims to determine the effectiveness of problem based learning models with portfolio assessment on the immune system subject in terms of student learning outcomes in SMA N 3 Demak. A quasi-experimental research with a post-test control group design pre-test design. The population is all students of class XI MIA SMA N 3 Demak, taking samples with purposive sampling. The research samples are students of class XI MIA 3 as controls and students of MIA 4 class as experiments. The independent variable is a learning model and the dependent variable is learning outcomes, the experimental class uses a lecture-discussion model while the control class uses a problem based learning model. The effectiveness in use problem based learning combined portfolio assessment of student learning outcomes was analyzed by N-Gain, independent sample t test and classical completeness. The results showed that improvement of cognitive aspects of the experimental class was higher than the control, learning outcomes of the experimental and control classes were significantly different, and the classical completeness of experimental class was more than 80%. Conclusion of the research problem based learning model with portfolio assessment applied to the immune system material is effective.

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Obesity become worrying problem among adolescents, they who are obesed are 80% have the opportunity to experience obesity as adults and have higher risk of serious diseases such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, asthma, and some types of cancer. According to the health profile of Yogyakarta Special Province in 2017 the prevalence of obesity was 19.1% occurs in adolescents. The main purpose of the research is to analyze the direct and indirect effects of gadget usage, sleep habit, stress, and physical activity on obesity. The population in this research was obese junior and senior high school adolescents, totaling 150 persons. Determination of samples is taken by simple random sampling. Independent variables consist of gadget usage, stress level, sleep habit, and physical activity. While the dependent variable is obesity. Bivariate analysis with chi-square test is applied for cathegorical data and independent T-test for numerical data. Multivariate analysis is carried out with path analysis, using the Amos version 22.0 software program. The results of this research found that the conclusions of the path diagram generated are as follow: 1) Gadget usage variable path coefficient value has a positive effect on physical activity. 2) Physical activity variable path coefficient value has a positive in effect on obesity. 3) Sleep habit and stress variable path coefficient value has a positive effect on gadget usage. It can be concluded that gadget addiction is directly related to sleep habits, stress, physical activity, and indirectly with obesity.

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The intestinal mucosal was a physical barrier of host defense against foreign pathogens. This research was conducted to elaborate the distribution of IgA and its relation to the abundance of muscovy duck intestinal microbes. Muscovy duck samples were obtained from local community farms in Gunungpati Subdistrict, Semarang City, which were maintained in the barn (non-cage). Each muscovy duck sample was slaughtered and dissected the chest cavity to the abdomen and then taken the intestinal organs. A total of 5g of intestinal contents was taken aseptically and used for NGS analysis. Furthermore, intestinal tissue was made into histology slides for immunohistochemical IgA analysis. The results of the immunohistochemical analysis showed that the IRS score of the small and large intestine were 4 (moderate). Muscovy duck in this study was healthy or normal, so the IRS score was in position 4 (moderate). Intestinal bacteria were dominated by Firmicutes phyla (48.71%), followed by Proteobacteria (32.87%) and Actinobacteria (8.32%). At the ordo level, bacterial composition was dominated by the ordo Enterobacteriales (32.08%), Clostridiales (21.04%), Bacillales (14.84%) and Lactobacillales (13.41%). In this intestinal muscovy duck, there was an equilibrium of microbiota components and there was no exogenous microorganisms that stimulate the overexpression of IgA production.

Hiperglikemia menyebabkan tingginya radikal bebas sehingga terjadi stres oksidatif. Pada kondisi tersebut, perlu antioksidan eksogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemberian ekstrak kulit lidah buaya terhadap kadar malondialdehid (MDA) dan kadar superoksid dismutase (SOD) tikus hiperglikemia yang induksi aloksan. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus strain Wistar jantan diambil secara acak dan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok pertama sebagai kelompok kontrol negatif (K-). Kelompok kedua adalah kontrol positif (K+), hanya diberi aloksan. Kelompok ketiga (KP I), keempat (KP II) dan kelima (KP III), diberi aloksan dan ekstrak kulit lidah buaya berturut-turut dosis 87,5 mg/kgBB, 175 mg/kgBB) dan 350 mg/kgBB. Aloksan sebagai inducer hiperglikemia diberikan secara Intra Peritoneal dosis 120 mg/kgBB. Setelah 4-7 hari, diberi ekstrak kulit lidah buaya secara oral selama 28 hari. Data MDA dan SOD masing-masing dianalisis secara statistik dengan uji Anova, dan dilanjutkan uji Turkey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan kadar MDA dan SOD antara kelompok kontrol positif dan kelompok perlakuan. Potensi ekstrak kulit lidah buaya sebagai antidiabetik, ditunjukkan dengan menurunnya kadar MDA dan meningkatnya kadar SOD tikus hiperglikemik. Dosis ekstrak kulit lidah buaya yang paling efektif adalah 350 mg/kgBB (KP III), sehingga kadar MDA dan SOD tidak berbeda nyata dengan kelompok kontrol negatifHyperglycemia causes oxidative stress by free radicals. Exogenous antioxidants are needed to offset the impact. This research would observe Aloe vera peel extract to malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) level of diabetic rat. A total of 25 male Wistar rats were taken randomly and divided into 5 groups. The first group as a negative control group (K-). The second group is positive control (K +), given alloxan only. The third (KP I), fourth (KP II) and fifth (KP III) group were given alloxan and aloe vera pell extract at a dose of 87.5mg/kgBW, 175mg/kgBW and 350mg/kgBW, respectively. Alloxan as an inducer of hyperglycemia, was given intra-peritoneally at a dose of 120mg/kgBW. After 4-7 days, the aloe vera peel extract was given orally for 28 days. MDA and SOD data were statistically analyzed with the Anova test, followed by the Turkey test. The results showed a significant difference in MDA and SOD levels between the positive control group and the treatment group. The potential of aloe vera peel extract as an antidiabetic was shown by decreasing MDA levels and increasing levels of SOD in hyperglycemic rats. The most effective dose of aloe vera peel extract was 350mg/kgBW, it was able to reduce MDA and increase SOD until it was not significantly different from the negative control group.

Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA) dikenal sebagai apotik hidup merupakan tanaman yang ditanam di halaman rumah. Penanaman TOGA di pekarangan warga RT02/RW05 Sukorejo, Gunungpati, Semarang selama ini belum terlaksana dengan baik. Oleh karena itu dilakukan pengabdian ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader PKK dalam identifikasi dan pemanfaatan TOGA melalui penyuluhan, pelatihan dan pendampingan TOGA. Khalayak sasaran  adalah kader PKK RT 02/RW05 dan ibu-ibu yang dipilih karena memiliki kemampuan lebih dalam menjalankan kegiatan PKK dan pandai mendesiminasikan hasil pengabdian pada khalayak yang lebih luas. Kegiatan berlangsung selama 6 bulan meliputi persiapan, pelaksanaan, monitoring dan evaluasi meliputi a) penyuluhan potensi tanaman rempah-rempah bagi kesehatan dan perlunya menanam rempah-rempah dalam bentuk Taman Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA) di pekarangan, b). pelatihan bagi kader PKK RT02/RW 05 tentang cara menaman TOGA di lahan minimalis dan c) pelatihan mengolah hasil pasca panennya menjadi berbagai minuman yang berkhasiat bagi kesehatan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader PKK RT 02/ RW 05 tentang pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan taman TOGA, terwujudnya taman TOGA di masing-masing perkarangan halaman depan rumah, serta kemandirian dalam pemenuhan pengobatan tradisonal. Keberlanjutan program ini diharapkan dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan pekarangan rumah sebagai lahan menanam TOGA, sehingga pemanfataan TOGA untuk kesehatan dapat dilakukan secara berkesinambungan dan berdampak pada sosial ekonomi masyarakat.

Inferior local tubers such as lesser yam, wild yam and arrowroot contain bioactive compounds such as phenols and diosgenin which act as antioxidants. Antioxidant activities in the processed of local tubers have not been reported. The aim of this research was to identify the antioxidant activity of local tubers (inferior) that has been processed through the process of steaming, frying and milling to be flour. The determination of antioxidant activity was performed using α, α, Diphenyl Picryl Hydrazil (DPPH), which is indicated as a percentage of the apprehension of radical activities by the amount of absorbance at 680 nm. The antioxidant activity of lesser yam steamed, fried and milled were 2.26 %, 0.84 %, and 3.34 % respectively. The antioxidant activity of steamed, fried and milled arrowroot were 1.44 %, 0.65 %, and 1.32 % respectively. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of steamed, fried and milled wild yam were 1.08 %, 0.08 %, and 0.82 % respectively. The antioxidant activity of inferior local tubers have decreased in different types of processing. The highest antioxidant activity was in the milled tubers followed by steamed and fried tuber.