Empirical antimicrobial therapy Targeted antimicrobial therapy usage, underlining the need for antibiotic stewardship to promote evidence-based practice.

Pan genomic analysis of the global SARS-CoV-2 isolates has resulted in the identification of several regions of increased genetic variation but there is absence of research on its association with the clinical outcome. The present study fills the vacuum and does mutational analysis of genomic sequence of Indian SARS-CoV-2 isolates. Results reveal the existence of non-synonymous G614 spike protein mutation in 61.45% of the total study genome along with three other mutations. Further, temporal variation in the frequencies of G614 genotype in the country is observed. The examination of the probable association of G614 genotype with COVID-19 severity shows that CFR G614 genotype in India is positively and strongly correlated. It appears that the clinical outcome of the COVID-19 cases in India are significantly and adversely affected by the increasing trend in the G614 genotype; which needs to be addressed combining both laboratory experiments and epidemiological investigations.

Mycobacterium tuberculous peritonitis is a less common cause of peritoneal dialysis related infection in developed countries. As both CAPD and APD are being used as renal replacement therapy in developing countries of South Asia, Mycobacterium tuberculous peritonitis are being reported. Any culture negative peritonitis should be investigated for this entity. In this manuscript, we report an index case and our experience with literature review of Mycobacterium tuberculous peritonitis. The diagnostic techniques, management and outcome are described.

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Highlights N95 masks needed by healthcare workers could be in short supply during a pandemic situation The study provides information on different sterilizing methods on the filtration efficiency of N95 masks We recommend plasma sterilization for decontamination of N95 masks during non-availability of supplies. Since the UV irradiation method showed variations in our trials, we recommend that evaluation of UV decontamination for N95 masks needs to be done on a case-to-case basis.

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