The issue of risk assessment in public administration has now become particularly urgent. One of the objectives of public administration in the face of risk is to improve the well-being of the population. In order to improve the well-being of the country's population, reduce the risk of the consequences of the economic crisis of 2008-2010, long years of stagnation, the executive branch has come to modern methods of governance, the bright representative of which is the transition priority national projects. The use of such methods greatly strengthens the role of the state in the management of socioeconomic development. Both in May 2012 and in May 2018, the President of the Russian Federation in the "May decrees" defined the planned indicators for the main socioeconomic areas of the country's development. The authors considered priority national projects, which are defined in the Russian President's message as projects of social orientation. The article considers the reasons for the decline in the effectiveness of the implementation of the "May decrees" of the Russian President in 2012, the implementation of which according to various data amounted to 70%. One of the reasons is the lack of application of project management methods. however, there has recently been an understanding of the need for project management. The authors examine in detail the risks of implementing the "May decrees" of the Russian President in 2018, among which the inability to control the targets of most programs is highlighted. The reasons for the decline in the effectiveness of government programs at different levels of government have been identified, and there is a tendency to increase the number of risks depending on the level of governance. unfortunately, the impact of the risks increases. Among the reasons for the decline in the effectiveness of priority national projects are organizational problems (lack of necessary vocational education, management and organization problems, features of stimulating the work of public servants, features of industry competition, a decline in the rating of public bodies in the eyes of citizens)and psychological deficiencies associated with loss of trust and
The difficulties and problems faced by economic entities, countries and regions, in general, on the way to implementing the achievements and developments of Industry 4.0 have been designated in the article. Special attention has been paid to economic and production aspects, as well as changes in the relevant systems in the context of radical technological transformations. In particular, it has been established that markets are becoming oligopolistic, the role and importance of medium and small businesses is significantly increasing, the problems of social inequality and tension in connection with growing unemployment and the need for highly qualified personnel are becoming more acute. In addition, the features of competition for technologies, investments, sales markets, territories of productive forces location have been highlighted. Attention has also been focused on the main “revolutionary” trends in industrial development associated with the launch of the innovation and technological cycle initiated by “Industry 4.0”. Specific actions and measures have been identified to implement these trends into reality.
Companies are poorly satisfied with the level of training of specialists and put forward a number of requirements for specific professional competencies of the applicant in the field of engineering. Building a model of such a specialist is complicated by the fact that engineering services are not part of an independent branch of the national economy of Russia. The training of University students is regulated by Federal state educational standards. For specialists in the field of engineering, it is necessary to involve representatives of the professional community in the development of Professional standards. This will allow us to offer outstanding professional competence in the engineering field, which will meet modern market needs and take into account the experience of the best world practices. Modern specialists in the field of engineering should have a balanced combination of practical programs with traditional training, allowing students to apply their knowledge in real conditions. World experience shows another feature of training these specialists, which is aimed at developing non-technical skills in addition to mastering the basic curriculum in order to professionally succeed. In many respects, the effectiveness of applicants in the engineering field will be determined by their knowledge and skills in the organization and management of key stages of the life cycle of their projects. The state University of management shares its experience in training project-oriented specialists in the field of management and engineering. At the University, the training program is based on engineering education using modern training technologies, methods and tools of project management, as well as direct communication between students and teachers. Active implementation of digital technologies improves academic mobility and contributes to increasing the share of the online segment of educational services.
An unprecedented number of sanctions have been imposed against Russia over the past year. The sanctions imposed against our country by Western countries have affected almost all spheres of the economy. From industry and agriculture to the banking sector, from the blatant discrimination of our athletes in the international arena to the attempt to abolish Russian culture. The article analyzes the impact of sanctions on various sectors of the economy, including the energy sector, mechanical engineering, agriculture, banking and IT spheres, and others. The strengths and weaknesses of the domestic economy are assessed, the directions in which the countries of the world critically depend on Russia are presented, among them the production of agricultural products, fertilizers, chemical, metallurgical, machine-building and other industries. The analysis of macroeconomic indicators of Russia and some Western countries that imposed sanctions is carried out. Macroeconomic analysis showed the stability of the domestic economy, while the decline in gross domestic product was less than predicted, and domestic inflation was lower than in some Western countries. A large section of the article is devoted to areas to reduce the country's dependence on Western products and technologies, presents the main measures to neutralize sanctions pressure and further development of the Russian economy, which the authors divided into three areas: measures in the short, medium, and long-term prospects. The list of measures to reduce the negative impact of sanctions, among other things, included ensuring budget revenues through the sale of energy resources, import substitution of products of departed Western companies, ensuring the sustainability of the economy, the development of a digital, and subsequently an innovative economy. All this should ensure the socio-economic prosperity of the state and ensure its sustainable development for many years.
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