The difficulties and problems faced by economic entities, countries and regions, in general, on the way to implementing the achievements and developments of Industry 4.0 have been designated in the article. Special attention has been paid to economic and production aspects, as well as changes in the relevant systems in the context of radical technological transformations. In particular, it has been established that markets are becoming oligopolistic, the role and importance of medium and small businesses is significantly increasing, the problems of social inequality and tension in connection with growing unemployment and the need for highly qualified personnel are becoming more acute. In addition, the features of competition for technologies, investments, sales markets, territories of productive forces location have been highlighted. Attention has also been focused on the main “revolutionary” trends in industrial development associated with the launch of the innovation and technological cycle initiated by “Industry 4.0”. Specific actions and measures have been identified to implement these trends into reality.
This article examines the feasibility and effectiveness of introducing gamification technologies into the educational process, which is the use of game mechanisms, principles and tools to solve real non-game problems and problems in various areas of public life. The conducted research is a meta-analysis of the current experience of gamification application, obtained from numerous international scientific studies, practical cases and reports of companies. The collected data show an important practical understanding of the application of gamification in the processes of planning and implementing projects, staff education and motivation, customer attraction and retention through loyalty programs. The influence of gamification technologies on the processes of cognition and learning is proved thanks to hardware studies of the brain activity of students during the game exercises using electroencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). As a result of the study of the effects of gamification in terms of improving productivity through perceptual learning, conclusions were made that formed the basis for a generalized list of opportunities for using gamification elements in companies. The study systematized the practical results presented by case studies of companies and educational literature, which considered the results of the application of gamification as mostly positive.
An unprecedented number of sanctions have been imposed against Russia over the past year. The sanctions imposed against our country by Western countries have affected almost all spheres of the economy. From industry and agriculture to the banking sector, from the blatant discrimination of our athletes in the international arena to the attempt to abolish Russian culture. The article analyzes the impact of sanctions on various sectors of the economy, including the energy sector, mechanical engineering, agriculture, banking and IT spheres, and others. The strengths and weaknesses of the domestic economy are assessed, the directions in which the countries of the world critically depend on Russia are presented, among them the production of agricultural products, fertilizers, chemical, metallurgical, machine-building and other industries. The analysis of macroeconomic indicators of Russia and some Western countries that imposed sanctions is carried out. Macroeconomic analysis showed the stability of the domestic economy, while the decline in gross domestic product was less than predicted, and domestic inflation was lower than in some Western countries. A large section of the article is devoted to areas to reduce the country's dependence on Western products and technologies, presents the main measures to neutralize sanctions pressure and further development of the Russian economy, which the authors divided into three areas: measures in the short, medium, and long-term prospects. The list of measures to reduce the negative impact of sanctions, among other things, included ensuring budget revenues through the sale of energy resources, import substitution of products of departed Western companies, ensuring the sustainability of the economy, the development of a digital, and subsequently an innovative economy. All this should ensure the socio-economic prosperity of the state and ensure its sustainable development for many years.
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