Structure and magnetocaloric effect in the pseudobinary system LaFe 11 Si 2 -LaFe 11 Al 2 J. Appl. Phys. 95, 6924 (2004) We report the growth and characterization of Co 2 FeAl nanowires. Nanowires are grown using electrospinning method and the diameters range from 50 to 500 nm. These nanowires exhibit cubic crystal structure with a lattice constant of a ¼ 5:639 Å . The nanowires exhibit ferromagnetic behavior with a very high Curie temperature. The temperature dependent magnetization behavior displays an anomaly in the temperature range 600-850 K, which disappears at higher external magnetic fields. V C 2012 American Institute of Physics.[http://dx

Several cobalt-based Heusler alloys have been predicted to exhibit Weyl Semimetal behavior due to time reversal symmetry breaking. Co 2 TiGe is one of the predicted ferromagnetic Weyl semimetals. In this work, we report weak localization and small anomalous Hall conductivity in half-metallic Co 2 TiGe thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The longitudinal resistivity shows semimetallic behavior. Elaborate analysis of longitudinal magnetoconductance shows the presence of a weak localization quantum correction present even up to room temperature and reduction in dephasing length at lower temperature. Negative longitudinal magnetoresistance is observed from 5 to 300 K, but at 300 K magnetoresistance becomes positive above 0.5 T magnetic field. The anomalous Hall effect has been investigated in these thin films. The measured anomalous Hall conductivity decreases with increasing temperature, and a small anomalous Hall conductivity has been measured at various temperatures which may be arising due to both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms.

Purpose: Although obesity is a risk factor for hip osteoarthritis (OA), the role of body composition, if any, is unclear. This study examines whether obesity and body composition are associated with hip cartilage changes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in community-based adults. Methods: 141 community-based participants with no clinical hip disease, including OA, had BMI and body composition (fat mass and fat free mass) measured at baseline (1990 to 1994), and BMI measured and 3.0T MRI performed at follow-up (2009-2010). Femoral head cartilage volume was measured and femoral head cartilage defects were scored in the different hip regions. Results: For females, baseline BMI (b¼-26mm 3 , 95% CI-47 to-6mm 3 , p¼0.01) and fat mass (b¼-11mm 3 , 95% CI-21 to-1mm 3 , p¼0.03) were negatively associated with femoral head cartilage volume. Also, while increased baseline fat mass was associated with an increased risk of cartilage defects in the central superolateral region of the femoral head (OR¼ 1.08, 95% CI 1.00-1.15, p¼0.04), increased baseline fat free mass was associated with a reduced risk of cartilage defects in this region (OR¼0.82, 95% CI 0.67-0.99; p¼0.04). For males, baseline fat free mass was associated with increased femoral head cartilage volume (b¼ 40mm 3 , 95% CI 6 to 74mm 3 , p¼0.02) Conclusions: Increased fat mass was associated with adverse hip cartilage changes for females, while increased fat free mass was associated with beneficial cartilage changes for both genders. Further work is required to determine whether modifying obesity and in particular body composition alters the development of hip OA.

Thin films of the high Curie temperature intermetallic ferromagnet β-Fe2Si were synthesized via molecular beam epitaxy. Investigation using X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy shows a hexagonal crystal structure and a smooth topography. Theoretically, Fe2Si has been predicted to exhibit uniquely desirable magnetotransport properties. We report on these properties experimentally, including the ordinary Hall coefficient R0 and anomalous Hall resistivity ρxyAH. The compound is found to be a soft Heisenberg ferromagnet with temperature dependent magnetization based on the thermal excitation of spin waves. We present a detailed look into the contributions to its longitudinal resistivity, which due to the presence of a spin-flip gap ΔkB, indicating a half-metallic band structure. The correct scaling relations between these components of the resistivity tensor (ρxx and ρxy) are also discussed.

Structured light is routinely used in free-space optical communication channels, both classical and quantum, where information is encoded in the spatial structure of the mode for increased bandwidth. Both real-world and experimentally simulated turbulence conditions have revealed that free-space structured light modes are perturbed in some manner by turbulence, resulting in both amplitude and phase distortions, and consequently, much attention has focused on whether one mode type is more robust than another, but with seemingly inconclusive and contradictory results. We present complex forms of structured light that are invariant under propagation through the atmosphere: the true eigenmodes of atmospheric turbulence. We provide a theoretical procedure for obtaining these eigenmodes and confirm their invariance both numerically and experimentally. Although we have demonstrated the approach on atmospheric turbulence, its generality allows it to be extended to other channels too, such as aberrated paths, underwater, and in optical fiber.

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Here, the authors report a detailed method of growing LaAlGe, a nonmagnetic Weyl semimetal, thin film on silicon(100) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy and their structural and electrical characterizations. About 50-nm-thick LaAlGe films were deposited and annealed for 16 h in situ at a temperature of 793 K. As-grown high-quality films showed uniform surface topography and near ideal stoichiometry with a body-centered tetragonal crystal structure. Temperature-dependent longitudinal resistivity can be understood with dominant interband s-d electron-phonon scattering in the temperature range of 5-40 K. Hall measurements confirmed the semimetallic nature of the films with an electron-dominated charge carrier density of ∼7.15 × 10 21 cm −3 at 5 K.

Many transition metal dichalcogenides have been predicted and verified experimentally to exhibit topological semimetallic behavior due to symmetry breaking. NiTe2 is predicted to belong to an interesting class of materials: type-II topological semimetal. Here, we report the growth, structural, and magnetic properties of polycrystalline NiTe2 nanostructures synthesized using a two-step solvothermal technique. Nanostructures of NiTe2 crystalize in a hexagonal CdI2-type structure (space group P3¯m1) with lattice parameters a = b = 3.85 Å and c = 5.26 Å. NiTe2 nanostructures exhibit paramagnetic behavior at room temperature and display a large increase in magnetization below 30 K. These results will certainly pave the way to fully understand one- and two-dimensional NiTe2 for topological behavior that can be useful for novel device applications.