Robust structured light in atmospheric turbulence

Klug, Asher; Peters, Cade; Forbes, Andrew

doi:10.1117/1.ap.5.1.016006

Cited by 51 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…44 To mitigate these drawbacks, a measurement-based approach to structured light correction is now ubiquitous, for example, using adaptive optics [45][46][47][48][49] and wavefront shaping, 50 inversion of the transmission matrix of complex channels, [51][52][53] and finding invariances that remain distortion-free. [54][55][56] Here we show that light can correct light without the need for any measurement. We exploit parametric wave mixing by difference-frequency generation (DFG) in a nonlinear crystal (NLC) to restore the information encoded into the structure of light, even after it has passed through a highly aberrating channel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Although phase conjugation of structured light is possible by nonlinear optics, 43 it does not correct the distortion but rather produces the negative of it, requiring a time reversal step 44 . To mitigate these drawbacks, a measurement-based approach to structured light correction is now ubiquitous, for example, using adaptive optics 45 – 49 and wavefront shaping, 50 inversion of the transmission matrix of complex channels, 51 – 53 and finding invariances that remain distortion-free 54 – 56 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

Singh,

Sephton,

Tavares Buono

et al. 2024

Adv. Photon.

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Structured light, where complex optical fields are tailored in all their degrees of freedom, has become highly topical of late, advanced by a sophisticated toolkit comprising both linear and nonlinear optics. Removing undesired structure from light is far less developed, leveraging mostly on inverting the distortion, e.g., with adaptive optics or the inverse transmission matrix of a complex channel, both requiring that the distortion be fully characterized through appropriate measurement. We show that distortions in spatially structured light can be corrected through difference-frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal without any need for the distortion to be known. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach using a wide range of aberrations and structured light modes, including higher-order orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams, showing excellent recovery of the original undistorted field. To highlight the efficacy of this process, we deploy the system in a prepare-and-measure communications link with OAM, showing minimal cross talk even when the transmission channel is highly aberrated, and outline how the approach could be extended to alternative experimental modalities and nonlinear processes. Our demonstration of light-correcting light without the need for measurement opens an approach to measurement-free error correction for classical and quantum structured light, with direct applications in imaging, sensing, and communication.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

Singh,

Sephton,

Tavares Buono

et al. 2024

Adv. Photon.

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“…1,2 However, when the optical beam propagates through the free space, the turbulence in atmosphere results in variations of amplitude and phase of optical wave, thus deteriorating the performance of communication systems. 3 It is generally accepted that turbulence-induced irradiance scintillation and beam wandering are the two major performance-limiting factors for the free space optical or free space quantum communication systems. [4][5][6] The research on the irradiance scintillation models has been studied extensively, and plenty of precise scintillation models that corresponding to the different turbulence conditions have been proposed so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel variance estimation approach for modified Rayleigh radial model based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence

miao,

Chen,

Yin

et al. 2024

Advanced Fiber Laser Conference (AFL2023)

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The implementation of optical communication and quantum communication technologies based on the free space has many advantages when compared with the implementation based on the optical fibers. However, the performance of communication systems can be deteriorated by the atmospheric turbulence when optical beams transmit through the free space, and it has been widely acknowledged that turbulence-induced pointing error is the one of the major performance-limiting factors. The pointing error model consists of two parts, one is the channel transmittance model and the other is radial model. To make the results more general, the Beckmann radial model can be assumed, and it is expressed in an integral form. Therefore, aiming to further analyze the performance of communication systems, researchers have proposed two kinds of modified Rayleigh distributions based on the moment matching method to approximate the Beckmann distribution. In this paper, we present a new variance estimation method of modified Rayleigh distribution based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence. The proposed method has two advantages when compared with the moment matching method proposed before: 1) The derived new variance can reduce the computational cost of gain parameter; 2) It leads to a better approximation to the Beckmann distribution in most scenarios according to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit statistical test results.

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“…Due to strong absorption and scattering, turbulence in complex environments such as the atmosphere [1,2] and complex biological media [3] has been a major obstacle to beam propagation in optical communication, [4] optical trapping and manipulation. [3,5] Various methods have been developed to overcome this challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust autofocusing propagation in turbulence

Liu 刘,

Tan 谭,

Chen 陈

et al. 2024

Chinese Phys. B

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Turbulence in complex environments such as atmosphere and biological media has always been a great challenge to the beam propagation application in optical communication, optical trapping and manipulation. To overcome this challenge, this study comprehensively investigate the robust propagation of traditional Gaussian beam and autofocusing beam in turbulent environments. In order to select stable beams that exhibit high intensity and high field gradient at the focal position in complex environments, Kolmogorov turbulence theory is used to simulate the propagation of beams in atmospheric turbulence based on the multi-phase screen method. We systematically analyzed the intensity fluctuations, the variation of the coherence factor, and the change of the scintillation index (SI) with the propagation distance. The analysis reveals that the intensity fluctuations of autofocusing beams are significantly smaller than that of Gaussian beams, and the coherence of autofocusing beams is better than that of Gaussian beams under turbulence. Moreover, autofocusing beams exhibit less oscillation than Gaussian beams, indicating that autofocusing beams propagate in complex environments with less distortion and intensity fluctuation. Overall, this work clearly demonstrates that autofocusing beams exhibit higher stability in propagation compared with the Gaussian beams, showing great promise for applications such as optical trapping and manipulation in complex environments.

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Robust structured light in atmospheric turbulence

Cited by 51 publications

References 99 publications

Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

A novel variance estimation approach for modified Rayleigh radial model based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence

Robust autofocusing propagation in turbulence

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