PURPOSE: Development of an improved animal model for studying skin burns in rats. METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=6): G1-Control, G2-T100°C, G3-T150°C and G4-T200°C. Two 10 x 10 mm squares were outlined with a sterile surgical marker on each side and along the vertebral column using a prepared template positioned between the anterior and posterior limbs. G2-G4 rats were subjected to 100°C, 150°C and 200ºC thermal burns, respectively. G1 rats served as controls. Burns were inflicted by applying a copper plate connected to an electronic temperature controlling device to the dorsal skin of anesthetized rats. Four burns were produced on each animal (total area: 4 cm 2 / animal) leaving about 1 cm of undamaged skin between burn areas. Analgesia was administered during 24 h after burn injury by adding 30 mg codeine phosphate hemihydrate to 500 ml tap water. RESULTS:The application of 100°C and 150ºC resulted in partial thickness skin burns with central reepithelialization of the burned area only at 100°C. In G4 group the whole thickness of the skin was injured without central reepithelialization. However, there was marginal reepithelialization in all groups. CONCLUSION: The model studied is inexpensive and easily reproducible, enabling the achievement of controlled burns with partial or total impairment of the skin in experimental animals. Keywords: Models, Animal. Hot Temperature. Burns. Rats. RESUMO OBJETIVO: Desenvolvimento de um modelo animal aperfeiçoado para estudo de queimaduras cutâneas em ratos. MÉTODOS: Vinte e quatro ratos Wistar, machos, foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos (n=6): G1-Controle, G2-T100°C, G3-T150°C e G4-T200°C. Dois quadrados medindo 10x10 mm foram delineados com um marcador cirúrgico estéril em cada lado e ao longo da coluna vertebral e posicionados entre os membros anteriores e posteriores, utilizando um molde previamente preparado. Os ratos dos grupos G2-G4 foram submetidos a queimaduras térmicas de 100°C, 150°C e 200°C, respectivamente. O grupo G1 foi utilizado como controle. As queimaduras foram infligidas pela aplicação de uma placa de cobre, ligada a um dispositivo de controle eletrônico de temperatura, na pele dorsal de ratos anestesiados. Quatro queimaduras foram produzidas em cada animal (área total: 4 cm2/animal), deixando cerca de 1 cm de pele intacta entre as áreas queimadas. Analgesia foi obtida durante 24 horas após a queimadura por adição de 30mg de fosfato hemi-hidratado de codeína a 500 ml de água potável. RESULTADOS: A aplicação 100°C e 150°C resultou na produção de queimaduras profundas comprometendo parte da espessura da pele, com reepitelização central da área queimada, somente a 100°C. No grupo G4 houve lesão de toda a espessura da pele sem reepitelização central. Entretanto, observou-se reepitelização marginal em todos os grupos estudados. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo estudado é de baixo custo e facilmente reproduzível, propiciando a obtenção controlada de queimaduras com comprometimento parcial ou total da...
PURPOSE:To examine the effects of the oil mixes (ω-9, ω-6 and ω-3) in rats subjected to thermal burn. It was also aimed to assess whether the sources of ω3 would interfere with the effect of such mixes on the thermal injury. METHODS:Thirty-six rats distributed into five groups: burned + water, burned + isolipid mix, burned + oil mix 1 (ALA), burned + oil mix 2 (ALA + EPA + DHA of fish) and burned + oil mix 3 (ALA + DHA from seaweed). The thermal injury was involving total thickness of skin. After the burns animals received the oil mixes for seven days. The lesions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Animals receiving mix 3 showed a smaller extension of the thermal injury as compared to those that were supplemented with other oils mixes. Expression of Ki-67 in the receiving Mix 3 increased as compared to all the other groups. Animals supplemented with mix 3 were able to inhibit NF-κB in injured tissue. CONCLUSION:Rats received oil mix in which the source of ω3 (ALA+DHA of seaweed) showed inhibition of NF-κB, increase in cell proliferation, and reduction the extension of thermal lesion.Key words: Burn. Fatty Acids. Seaweed. Docosahexenoic Acid. alpha-Linolenic Acid. Rats.Oil mixes omega 9, 6 and 3, enriched with seaweed, promoted reduction of thermal burned modulating
PURPOSE:To evaluate the effect of Rut-bpy (Cis-[Ru(bpy) 2 (SO 3 )(NO)]PF 6 ), a novel nitric oxide donor in N -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=6), named according to the treatment applied (G1-Saline, G2-Rut-bpy, G3-L-NAME and G4-L-NAME+Rut-bpy). L-NAME (30 mg/Kg) was injected intraperitoneally 30 minutes before the administration of Rut-bpy (100 mg/Kg). Mean abdominal aorta arterial blood pressure (MAP) was continuously monitored. RESULTS: Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in G3 rats rose progressively, reaching 147±16 mmHg compared with 100±19 mm Hg in G1 rats (p<0.05). In G4 rats, treated with L-NAME+Rut-bpy, MAP reached 149+11 mm Hg while in G2 rats, treated with Rut-bpy, MAP values were 106±11 mm Hg. In G1 rats these values decreased progressively reaching 87+14 mm Hg after 30 minutes. An important finding was the maintenance of the MAP throughout the experiment in G2 rats. CONCLUSION: Rut-bpy does not decrease the MAP in L-Name induced hypertensive rats. However, when it is used in anesthetized hypotensive rats a stable blood pressure is obtained. Keywords: Blood Pressure. Nitric Oxide. Ruthenium. Hypertension. Rats. RESUMO OBJETIVO:Avaliar o efeitos do Rut-bpy (Cis-[Ru (bpy) 2 (SO 3 )(NO)] PF 6 ), um novo doador de óxido nítrico, em ratos hipertensos induzidos pelo éster metílico de N-nitro-L-arginina (L-NAME). MÉTODOS: Vinte e quatro ratos Wistar machos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos (n = 6), nomeados de acordo com o tratamento aplicado (G1-Salina, G2-Rut-bpy, G3-L-NAME e G4-L-NAME+Rut -bpy). L-NAME (30 mg / Kg) foi injetado por via intraperitoneal 30 minutos antes da administração de Rut-bpy (100 mg / kg). A pressão arterial média (PAM) da aorta abdominal foi monitorada continuamente. RESULTADOS: A pressão arterial média (PAM) em ratos do grupo G3 subiu progressivamente, chegando a 147 ±16 mm Hg, em comparação com 100 ±19 mm Hg em ratos do G1 (p <0,05). Em ratos G4, tratados com L-NAME + Rut-bpy, a PAM atingiu 149±11 milímetros de Hg, enquanto no G2 (ratos tratados com Rut bpy) os valores da PAM foram 106 ±11 mm Hg. No G1 esses valores decresceram progressivamente, atingindo 87±14 mm Hg após 30 minutos. Um achado importante foi a manutenção da PAM durante todo o experimento em ratos do grupo G2. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de Rut bpy não diminui a PAM em ratos hipertensos por L-NAME. No entanto, quando ele é usado em ratos anestesiados, hipotensos, uma pressão arterial estável é obtida. Descritores: Pressão Arterial. Óxido Nítrico. Rutênio. Hipertensão. Ratos.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the effects of preconditioning with mixtures of oils containing high/low ratio of ω-6/ω-3 and ω-9/ω-6, respectively, in an experimental model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). METHODS: Forty-two Wistar rats were randomly distributed into two groups: control (n=24) and test (n=18). Control group was subdivided in 4 subgroups (n=6): G1: Sham-Water; G2: I/R-Water; G3: Sham-Isolipidic and G4: I/R-Isolipid. The animals received water or a isolipid mixture containing ω-3 oils (8:1 ratio) and ω-9/ω-6 (0.4:1 ratio) by gavage for seven days. Test group included 3 subgroups (n=6) G5: I/R-Mix1, G: 6 I/R-Mix2 and G7: I/R-Mix3. Test group animals received oily mixtures of ω-3 (1.4:1 ratio) and ω-6 (3.4:1 ratio), differing only in source of ω-3: G5 (alpha-linolenic acid); G6 (alpha-linolenic, docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids), and G7 (alpha-linolenic and docosahexaenoic acids). On day 7 I/R rats underwent cerebral ischemia with bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries for 1 hour followed by reperfusion for 3 hours. G1 and G3 animals underwent sham operation. Concluded the experiment, animals were decapitated and their brains sliced for red neurons (RN) count in CA3 area of the hippocampus. Variables were compared using ANOVA-Tukey test. RESULTS: The use of different mix preparations promoted a decrease in red cell count in all three groups (G5/G6/G7), compared with G2/G4, confirming the protective effect of different oil blends, regardless of ω-3 source. CONCLUSION: Pre-conditioning with mixtures of oils containing high ratio ω-6/ω-3 and low ω-9/ω-6 relationship protects brain neurons against I/R injury in an experimental model.
Conception and design of the study, technical procedures, acquisition and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation, critical revision. II Graduate student, Medical School, UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Technical procedures, acquisition of data, manuscript preparation.
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