This article analyzes the development of the history of psychology in Argentina and Brazil, beginning with the emergence of the history of psychology at the beginning of the 20th century. The paper analyzes that such old historical reconstructions were written by the same authors or institutions that were introducing Psychology in the two countries. That is, the older historical productions in the field of psychology were Whig biased. An analysis of the last 30 years of history of psychology is also provided. The article describes institutional developments, including archives, journals, scientific meetings, and teaching of history of psychology in academic settings. Main groups devoted to history of psychology, both in Argentina and Brazil are described. Finally, it offers some thoughts on the future of history of psychology in the 2 countries. A comparative study between Argentina and Brazil allows to understand strengths and weakness related to institutionalization of History of Psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record

RESUMO. O texto visa apresentar possibilidades de uso da Filosofia da Linguagem de Bakhtin na análise de documentos, na pesquisa em história da psicologia e em outros campos. Observa-se que as proposições bakhtinianas não devem ser utilizadas como um conjunto de regras fixas e imutáveis a serem aplicadas a um objeto visando encontrar seu enunciado, visto que sua proposta envolve indeterminação, duplicação e ambiguidade. Assim, em cada investigação o caminho e o objeto devem ser construídos. O texto apresenta, de forma concisa, não só as idéias centrais da Filosofia da Linguagem, mas também as questões de autoria, temas e formas discursivas, bem como os riscos das formas de tematização estática e/ou deslocada.

This article deals with the initial applications of psychological tests in Brazil during the 1920s and 1930s, and it is focused on their use in education under the influence of the New School and the Mental Hygiene movements. Thus, the objective is to highlight the implication of psychology as a "social science" (Rose, 1996), a support to the legitimacy of racial theories in force during that period. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).

Este trabalho busca analisar as relações de gênero e poder que atravessavam as experiências das mulheres no período conhecido como Belle Époque, entre 1889 e 1922, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, sendo resultado de revisão da literatura. A partir do contexto social, político, econômico e cultural da cidade, analisam-se os espaços sociais e discursos disponíveis para as mulheres, buscando compreender as múltiplas faces do ser mulher que acompanha o tecido social dessa trama.  Assim, discute-se a questão feminina sob o ponto de vista dos médicos, o problema da educação, o ideal de família e o trabalho “fora do lar”. A perspectiva teórico-metodológica deste trabalho se insere no campo da história das mulheres e das relações de gênero.

r e s u M e n Se realiza un estudio historiográfico comparativo del desarrollo de la ciencia psicológica en Argentina y Brasil entre 1930 y 1980, analizando el papel de la psicología en la planificación estatal y las relaciones entre el modelo científico y el modelo profesional, basado en el análisis de variedad de fuentes primarias y secundarias. Hasta el inicio del proceso de creación de las carreras de psicología, se descubren procesos análogos de recepción y constitución del campo disciplinar e institucional, destacándose el lugar de la ciencia psicológica en la planificación estatal. Posteriormente, se registran las diferencias más significativas. En Argentina la cultura científica tendió a desplazarse afuera de dichas carreras, al igual que el apoyo estatal a la investigación psicológica. En Brasil, desde la década de 1960, el desarrollo tecnológico del sudeste y la dictadura militar propiciaron la difusión de una cultura psicológica en la clase media urbana. El Estado financió fuertemente los programas de posgrado y de investigación en las universidades. Palabras claveArgentina; Brasil; carreras; ciencia; profesión; psicología a b s t r a c t A comparative study of the development of the psychological science in Argentina and Brazil in the period 1930 and 1980 is carried out, based on the analysis of a variety of primary and secondary sources from a historical stand point. It is analyzed the role Psychology had in State planning and the relationships between scientific and professional model. Analogue processes of reception and constitution of the field and institutions are described until the creation of the psychology programs, when the greater State support and planning of Psychology development took place. Afterwards, the most meaningful differences are found between these countries. In Argentina scientific culture tended to be displaced from psychology programs, as well as the State support to psychology research. In Brazil, since the 1960 decade, the technological development in the southeast region, and the dictatorial government fostered the spread of a psychological culture among urban middle class people. The State strongly supported psychology postgraduate programs and research activity.

palavras-chave: psicologia social; história da psicologia; história da ciência. resumenEste trabajo presenta una reflexión historiográfica sobre las condiciones y procesos que posibilitaron la emergencia de la Psicología Social como una disciplina o campo de estudio/intervención delimitado en Brasil. Se señala su institucionalización en el escenario brasilero desde el denominado pensamiento social, seguido de su forma "interdisciplinar" (o pre-disciplinar) hasta su surgimiento en las primeras universidades nacionales, localizadas en Rio de Janeiro y en São Paulo, donde fue ubicada en los Departamentos de Psicología. Se continúa con las críticas estadounidenses y europeas de los años '60 en relación a su relevancia social. Se concluye presentando el sentido de esta crítica y las respuestas ofrecidas a esta cuestión.palabras clave: psicología social; historia de la psicología; historia de la ciencia. ABstrActThis work is a historiographic analysis of the conditions and processes that made possible the emergence of Social Psychology as a discipline or field of study /intervention in Brazil. It indicates how it was involved in the Brazilian context, starting from the so-called "social thought", followed by an interdisciplinary form (or pre-disciplinary) until its emerging as a separate field in the Departments of Psychology of the first national universities situated in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. This article continues with a presentation of the critiques originated in the United States and Europe, on the social relevance of this discipline. Finally, it discusses the meaning of this critique and the different answers that were given to the Brazilian case.

Resumo: O artigo busca refletir sobre alguns embasamentos acerca das diferentes configurações do psicólogo que atua na área da saúde, em especial no hospital geral, com o objetivo de ampliar o conhecimento sobre o que constitui este ajustamento profissional. Como resultado, indicamos quatro coletivos de pensamento que julgamos serem os mais comuns: Psicologia Hospitalar, Psicologia Médica, Saúde Mental e Psicologia da Saúde. Apontamos algumas das especificidades desses coletivos, destacando a necessidade da realização de pesquisas em que os psicólogos atuantes em instituições hospitalares possam narrar suas histórias de inserção e delimitação da práxis profissional.Palavras-chave: hospitais gerais, psicologia da saúde, história da psicologia. Psychologists in general hospitals: styles and collectives of thoughtAbstract: This article aims to reflect upon the different configurations of psychologists who work in the health field, specifically in a general hospital, with a view to improve knowledge on what constitutes this professional adjustment. As a result, we indicate four collectives of thought that we judge to be the most common: Hospital Psychology, Medical Psychology, Mental Health and Health Psychology. We point some of the peculiarities of these collectives, highlighting the need of further research in which psychologists working in hospitals can narrate their histories of insertion and delimitation of the professional practice.Keywords: hospital general, health care psychology, history of psychology. El psicólogo en el hospital general: estilos y colectivos de pensamientoResumen: Ese artículo reflexiona sobre algunos fundamentos de las diversas configuraciones del psicólogo que actúa en el área de la salud, especialmente en el Hospital General, con el objetivo de ampliar el conocimiento acerca de los elementos constituyentes de ese ajuste profesional. Como resultado de esta investigación, llegamos a cuatro colectivos de pensamiento que juzgamos ser los más comunes: Psicología del Hospital, Psicología Médica, Salud Mental y Psicología de la Salud. Señalamos algunas de las particularidades de estos colectivos, poniendo en relieve la necesidad de realizar investigaciones en las cuales los psicólogos que actúan en instituciones hospitalares puedan narrar sus historias de inserción y delimitación de la práctica profesional.Palabras clave: hospitales generales, psicología de la salud, historia de la psicología.Endereço para correspondência: Prof. Dra. Fabia Monica Souza dos Santos. Universidade Estácio de Sá, campus R9 (Taquara/RJ). Rua André Rocha, 838. CEP 22.710-560. Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brasil. E-mail: fabia@edu.estacio.br 1 Os relatos cotidianos de psicólogos inseridos na área da saúde no Brasil, aliados a alguns trabalhos descritos na literatura especializada (Fongaro & Sebastiani, 1996;Pitta, 1999;Gioia-Martins & Rocha Júnior, 2001;Angerami-Camon, 2002;Spink, 2003;Pereira, 2003;Straub, 2005), apontam uma progressiva incorporação destes profissionais nos mais diversos locus de atuação: hospitais especializ...

The evolution of the historiography of psychology in Brazil is surveyed, to describe how the field has evolved from the seminal works of the pioneer, mostly self-taught, psychologists, to the now professional historians working from a variety of theoretical models and methods of inquiry. The first accounts of the history of psychology written by Brazilians and by foreigners are surveyed, as well as the recent works made by researchers linked to the Work Group on the History of Psychology of the Brazilian Association of Research and Graduate Education in Psychology and published in periodicals such as Memorandum and Mnemosine. The present historiography focuses mainly the relationship of psychological knowledge to specific social and cultural conditions, emphasizing themes such as women's participation in the construction of the field, the development of psychology as a science and as a profession in education and health, and the development of psychology as an expression of Brazilian culture and of the experience of resistance of local communities to domination. To reveal this process of identity construction, a cultural historiography is an important tool, coupled with methodological pluralism.