RESUMO Objetivo conhecer as percepções dos profissionais da educação e da saúde acerca da autolesão não suicida em adolescentes. Método pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como referencial teórico o Interacionismo Simbólico. Coleta de dados realizada junto a 20 profissionais de uma escola e de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família de São Carlos-SP, por meio de grupos focais e diário de campo. A análise de dados se deu pela modalidade temática indutiva. Resultados revelou-se que a adolescência ainda é vista como período de transição, e a autolesão emerge como passageira e pela busca por atenção. Reforça-se a banalização, principalmente, pela crença do efeito contágio, em que os adolescentes reproduzem o ato realizado por pares. As relações familiares e com a Internet são sinalizadas como propagadoras do fenômeno. Frente a esses significados, o cuidado é fragilizado, baseado em ações pontuais. Conclusão e implicações para a prática os profissionais agem frente à autolesão na adolescência de acordo com os significados que são construídos por eles. É urgente a necessidade de educação permanente sobre tais questões, o delineamento de ações promotoras de saúde mental no contexto escolar e construção de protocolos para cuidado intersetorial.
Intervenções na escola para prevenção da violência nas relações de intimidade entre adolescentes: revisão integrativa da literatura Intervenciones en la escuela para prevenir la violencia en las relaciones íntimas entre adolescentes: revisión integradora de la literatura Diene Monique Carlos*; Ana Beatriz Campeiz**; Jorge Luiz da Silva***; Maria Isabel Domingues Fernandes****; Maria Neto da Cruz Leitão*****; Marta Angelica Iossi Silva******; Maria das Graças Carvalho Ferriani******* Abstract Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) in adolescence is a more serious problem because it negatively impacts the healthy development and is a precursor to domestic and family violence. Objectives: To identify the types of primary IPV prevention interventions that have been implemented in school settings. Methodology: Integrative literature review in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Lilacs, and SciELO virtual library. Results: Twelve studies were included in this review. Interventions were identified based on 3 categories: Multicomponent interventions; Skill-building interventions; and Theater/role-playing interventions. Similar results were found in all studies. Population and approach specificities were discussed. Conclusion: In this review, important contributions to IPV prevention interventions were presented, such as the need for theoretical background, life-context approach, and intervention towards bystanders.
Objective: To analyze adolescents’ perceptions about intimate violence from the perspective of the Complexity Paradigm. Method: A qualitative approach configured as strategic social study. The study participants were adolescents between 15 and 18 years old, attending high school in two public schools in a city in the interior of São Paulo State, Brazil. Data collection was performed through a focus group and a semi-structured interview as a complement. Data analysis was based on the dialogical, organizational and holographic principles of the Complex Paradigm. Results: The study included 39 adolescents (14 males and 25 females). Through the emerging categories, it was noticed that intimate violence occurs through dialogical affection-jealousy/control by a naturalization of violent acts which permeates gender, cultural and social issues, and by technology as preponderant for intimate violence among adolescents, denoting new forms of control and coercion. Conclusion: The study introduces aspects present in intimate violence among adolescents, presenting them in an articulate and interdependent way. These aspects constitute a relevant contribution to the actions of health professionals.
Objective: To describe and analyze teen dating violence with adolescents of a public school in a city in the state of São Paulo. Method: Qualitative research, anchored by the Paradigm of Complexity. Data collection was carried out with 16 students of the 11st year of high school, through focus groups and semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was based on the thematic modality. Results: There emerged three themes, which made it possible to understand that the myth of romantic love has still present in intimate relationships; as an aspect of these myths, jealousy is revealed as inherent in relationships, while time triggering teen dating violence at the same. Digital social networks have been throughout this process; the family and the school emerge as contexts that expose adolescents to vulnerability, including the experience of other violence manifestations. Conclusion and implications for practice: Multidimensional, retroactive and interdependent nature of the aspects related to teen dating violence were identified. Promotion of healthy dating relationships from the deconstruction of romantic love myths; safe use of virtual social networks by adolescents; actions to promote healthy parenting and articulation of health-school-family, with the empowerment of these spaces as factors to protect violence involving adolescents are necessary.
RESUMO CAMPEIZ, A. B. A violência nas relações de intimidade entre os adolescentes sob a perspectiva do Paradigma da Complexidade. 2018. 144 f. Dissertação (Mestrado). Escola
Objective: to know and analyze the perceptions of adolescents with high social vulnerability regarding the establishment of dating violence. Method: a qualitative research study carried out with 19 adolescents from a central municipality São Paulo, Brazil. Data collection took place by means of focus groups and field diaries, with the data being analyzed thematically. Results: two categories emerged: “A new female posture in a context of traditional gender norms” and “Violence in intimate relationships: the (non)perception of adolescents”. Traditional gender norms still occupy a significant place in the design of dating violence among adolescents. Such behaviors are more visible in these relationships, when commitment and exclusivity are seen as the main characteristics, authorizing possession and control. Jealousy emerges as the main trigger for violence and the technologies appear as contemporary resources to reinforce it. Conclusion: the need for early interventions with adolescents is reiterated, with a focus on actions that promote gender equality.
Objectives: to characterize and analyze the experiences of families involved in domestic violence against children and adolescents, based on the Paradigm of Complexity. Methods: qualitative research, in which data of 15 families was collected through documentary research, open interviews and field diary. The data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Results: two categories “I don’t have it” and “I didn’t have it” emerged, revealing the historicity that marks the violence experienced in the present. They include social vulnerability, maternal burden, associated with urban violence to which families are exposed. At the same time, stories of violence by the intimate partner, as well as intergenerational violence and drug abuse have impacted the current moment. Final Considerations: nursing can contribute to attribute new meaning to violent stories woven by families, as well as to the interdisciplinary construction of perspectives and interventions that consider the multiple violence and adversities to which such a population is exposed.
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