ResumoO objetivo do estudo foi analisar a relação entre avós e seus netos adolescentes, e descrever suas diferentes representações no cotidiano de seus netos por meio de revisão integrativa. Realizou-se a busca de artigos e resumos publicados no período de janeiro 2002 a junho de 2012, nas bases de dados LILACS e MEDLINE, por meio dos seguintes descritores: avós, netos adolescentes, relações entre avós e netos. Seguindo as estratégias definidas para o estudo, a busca resultou em seis artigos na íntegra. Foram incluídos dois artigos da base de dados LILACS e quatro da MEDLINE. Concluiu-se que as relações entre avós e netos adolescentes se diferenciaram de acordo com a proximidade entre os sujeitos, sendo esta derivada de diversos fatores, como corresidência, trabalho e estado civil dos netos, opções sexuais GLBT, origem e doenças crônicas dos avós. Pesquisas futuras que estudem essa temática são importantes para contribuir com um melhor entendimento da relação entre avós e seus netos na perspectiva de ambos os sujeitos. AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the relationship between grandparents and their teenage grandchildren, and describe different representations in everyday of their grandchildren through an integrative review. A search for articles and abstracts published from January 2002 to June 2012, was conducted in MEDLINE and LILACS databases using the following descriptors: grandparents, grandchildren teenagers, relationships between grandparents and grandchildren. Following the strategies defined for the study, the search resulted in six full articles. Two articles from LILACS and four from MEDLINE were included. The conclusion was that the relationship between grandparents and teenage grandchildren differed according to the proximity of the subject, which is derived from several factors such as co-residence, work and marital status of the grandchildren, GLBT sexual choices, and chronic source of grandparents. Future research work assessing this issue are important to contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between grandparents and grandchildren from the perspective of both subjects.
O estudo tem como objetivo analisar os principais tipos de alimentos com potencial risco alergênico e descrever a prevalência da alergia causada por cada alimento estudado. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa, utilizando os descritores alergia alimentar, estudos de prevalência e alérgenos, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos na íntegra que retratassem a temática da prevalência da alergia alimentar, publicados no período de 2011 a 2017. O estudo foi finalizado com 16 artigos. Leite de vaca e o ovo branco foram os alérgenos mais prevalentes nos últimos cinco anos. Vários foram os métodos utilizados para a identificação da alergia alimentar, que vem aumentando significativamente, nos últimos cinco anos. Dos métodos, os mais utilizados foram os questionários clínicos, teste cutâneo e determinação de IgE específica.
O papel do idoso tem sofrido modificações, tanto no âmbito social quanto no familiar. Aumentaram o número de avós e o número de anos que as pessoas vivem como avós. A avosidade, definida como laço de parentesco, está intimamente ligada às funções materna e paterna, das quais, entretanto, se diferencia, exercendo papel determinante na formação do sujeito. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre avós e netos no período da infância, de acordo com a percepção de avós e de seus netos. Foram realizadas 17 entrevistas semiestruturadas com avós e seus netos. Os resultados foram analisados e categorizados utilzando-se o software ALCESTE, o qual realiza automaticamente análise quantitativa de dados textuais. O estudo revelou presença significativa de intergeracionalidade na visão das avós, representada pelas palavras mais frequentes em ordem decrescente: avó, netos e pai. A classe 1 ( 34,45%), mostrou o quanto a avosidade é significativa, representada por atividades realizadas com os netos; na classe 2 (42,86%), verificou-se o quanto as avós se sentiram bem realizando essas atividades; na classe 3 (22,69%), foi visualizada a visão das avós sobre a velhice. Foram formados dois eixos: o primeiro, constituído pelas classes 1 e 2 (relação intergeracional), e o segundo, pela classe 3 (velhice). A relação obtida entre as classes 1 e 2 foi de 0,4, e entre os eixos 1 e 2 foi 0. Para análise dos discursos dos netos, revelaram-se as categorias e subcategorias, respectivamente: benefício - diversão e afeto; sentimento - orgulho e diferença; significado da velhice - desconhecido e previsível. Na categoria benefício, os dados obtidos indicaram que os netos ou netas sentiam-se alegres e satisfeitos quando realizavam determinadas atividades com as avós. Além disso, valorizavam o carinho dispensado por elas. Na categoria sentimento, os netos evidenciaram as qualidades pessoais de suas avós, construindo formas diferentes de relações entre avós e netos. Por fim, na categoria significado da velhice, alguns netos mostraram desconhecimento sobre o significado do termo, enquanto outros possuíam em suas mentes uma imagem de como será a sua velhice. No presente estudo, pode-se concluir que avós idosas mantêm forte relação de proximidade vivenciada com seus netos no período da infância, o que é confirmado e reconhecido por seus netos.
Soccer players inescapably live under stress during the sportive career, and many real-life aspects of soccer situations operate in the ongoing performance. This study’s main objective was to elaborate the List of Stressors in Professional Indoor and Field Soccer, a self-report instrument designed to measure the impact of 77 soccer situations upon the sport performance. Participants were 138 indoor and field soccer players from the Brazilian Premier League. Each situation was evaluated on a 7-point scale, ranging from the most negative (−3) to the most positive (+3). Data were analyzed according to the players’ perception of the items: distress or eustress and its intensity, and after that, situations perceived as plus −1 and +1 were compared by time in which they were experienced and distributed among five categories established by the literature: Expectations about the Performance, Personal Factors, Competition Aspects, Training Demands, and Relationship with Significant People. Narratives of athletes’ experiences were also used to discuss the results. An Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling using Bi-factorial (BI-ESEM) was employed to assess the factor structure. For the total participants, 49 situations were perceived as distress and 28 as eustress. Using the criteria established a priori, the distribution was among the five categories in the remaining 32 situations. Differences in perception between less and more experienced players were found in 11 situations. The results revealed that Brazilian professional soccer players experience various stressful situations. These events are important representations of environmental demands and could predict the performance as they are perceived as eustress or distress. Some of these stressful situations are inherent in sport and others adjacent to the sports system or environment. Coach pressure to win and conflicts with teammates are examples of stressors in-sport, family problems and disputes with press or fans are examples of stressors external to the team, also called peripheral opponents, and showed the relative social influence of significant others in soccer performance. We can conclude that the knowledge of the direction of a given stress situation has important practical implications in preparing athletes and helping them face the performance stressors that are part of soccer daily life.
The grandparents style concept goes beyond to the practice of being grandparents. The style is actually the way they use to do to socialize their grandchildren in accordance with their beliefs and values. The thematic of "avosidade" is defined as Family ties between grandparents and grandchildren, being the last in the period of childhood or adolescence. This way, the "avosidade" creates a link between pediatrics and gerontology. In the literature, there is no consence about which componentes are part of the classification of teenagers grandparents styles and still heve absence of uniformity in studies, showed through the various approaches described in the literature. On these facts, the aim of this study, is to adapt measuring instrument of responsiveness and parental requirements dimensions to relation between grandparents and teenagers grandchildren, trying to purpose a classification for the style of grandparents with teenagers grandchildren, from Maccoby and Martin`s classification for parental style. For this purpose, an exploratory and descriptive study was prepared, about the mixed methods in two phases where, in the beginning, the researches collet and analyse qualitative informations and use, in a second moment, those informations, to collet and analyse quantitative informations. In the first moment, was done, in the literature, a qualitative exploration, about the theoretical references to describe the relations between grandparents and grandchildren, on the size of responsiveness and requirements.In sequence, the instrumento f avaliation of the responsiveness and parental requirements dimensions was adapted and refined for Teixeira, Bardagi & Gomes (2004), that could classify the styles of grandparents and teenagers grandchildren highlighting the diferente kind of help had a special importance into both parts relations, suggesting composing na style top ratice "avosidade". In the integrative revision, it was shown that the relation between grandparents and teenagers grandchildren are diferente according to the proximity between the subjects, so that, it derives from several factors as housing, work, the grandchildren marital status, sexual options GLBT, origin and grandparents chronic deseases. The instrument used to assess the responsiveness and requirement dimensions from grandparents to grandchildren show a satisfactory psychometric property in using it both in pediatrics and gerontology. The analyse of the main componentes, show the existence of two more importants components that correspond to the theoretical dimensions of requeriment and responsiveness.The index of internal consistency (between 0,88 and 0,91) and the correct total item correlation (between 0,74 and 0,87), observe for scaly of requeriment and responsiveness , showed that tools were not extensive, however, reliable, and they can be used in a future studies with teenagers grandchildren. The diferences observed in those dimensions, directed to grandparents , suggested that the grandparents presence is most striking in the Family en...
One of the most relevant public health issues among pediatric injuries concerns foreign body (FB) aspiration. The risk perception of choking hazards (CH) and risk perception, in general, are complex multifactorial problems that play a significant role in defining protective behavior. Risk prevention policies should take this aspect into account. A lack of scientific knowledge of FB injury risk perception may be evidenced in Brazil and other newly developed countries. This study aims to characterize the differences and peculiarities in risk perception of CH between Italian and Brazilian populations. The risk perception among adults in Italy and Brazil between September and October 2017 was investigated in a survey. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis was carried out to identify the latent components characterizing the risk perception in Italian and Brazilian population samples. The most relevant dimension characterizing risk perception is the “Professional–educational status and the related perception of Risk” (13% of factorial inertia). The Italians identify batteries and magnets as the most dangerous choking risks (20% of responses). On the other hand, Brazilian people, mainly manual laborers (22%) with secondary or primary education (94%), perceive coins as the most dangerous items (30% of responses, p < 0.001). Socio-economic issues characterize the subjective risk perception of Italian and Brazilian survey respondents. In this framework, data-driven prevention strategies could be helpful to tailor intervention strategies to the cultural context to which they are addressed.
The muscle quality index (MQI) is associated with numerous health outcomes in adults; however, the effects of distinct MQI on functional capacity in obese older women have not yet been fully investigated. Thus, we investigated the contribution of different muscle quality indices on TUG performance prediction in obese older women. We secondarily evaluated the association between MQI, aerobic capacity performance (Treadmill performance and 6-minute walk test), and obesity indices (BMI, body fat percentage, and neck, waist, and hip circumference). Methods: Participants included 64 obese older women (mean age 67.05 ± 5.46 years, body fat ≥ 35%). General anthropometric, health history, body composition, treadmill exercise, and functional test (Time up and go) measures were collected. A hydraulic dynamometer was used to assess muscle strength, and Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) to identify body fat percentage. The field MQI was defined as the highest reading divided by the subject's body mass index (BMI), while the laboratory MQI was obtained by the ratio of grip strength to the entire arm muscle in kilograms measured by DXA. A hierarchical multiple regression was performed to predict TUG-test performance. Results: An increase in field MQI of one unit is associated with a decrease of 2.59 seconds in the TUG test (β = −0.540; p = 0.004). There was no association between laboratory MQI and TUG performance (β = 0.067; p = 0.712). Furthermore, field MQI displays a positive correlation (p < 0.05) with aerobic capacity performance (6-minute walk test and peak O 2 consumption) and a negative correlation (p < 0.05) with diverse obesity indices (neck and waist circumference, body fat, and BMI). Conclusion: MQI displayed an important prediction with TUG-test, a positive correlation with aerobic capacity, and a negative correlation with obesity indices.
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