Periodontitis has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results from intervention studies are few and controversial. The present study assessed the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment in the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Two hundred forty-six eligible women were randomly divided into two groups: periodontitis intervention (n = 122; undergoing non-surgical treatment during gestation) and periodontitis control (n = 124; not treated during gestation). Univariate analysis was performed and estimates of relative risk were reported. Data from 225 women were analyzed. No differences for preterm birth (p = 0.721), low birth weight (p = 0.198), and preterm low birth weight (p = 0.732) rates were observed. Relative risk estimates for preterm birth, low birth weight, and preterm low birth weight in the periodontitis intervention group were 0.915 (95% CI 0.561-1.493), 0.735 (95% CI 0.459-1.179), and 0.927 (0.601-1.431), respectively. Non-surgical periodontal treatment during the second semester of gestation did not reduce the risk for preterm birth, low birth weight, and preterm low birth weight.

PGC individuals, especially smokers, presented with a higher progression of periodontitis and tooth loss compared to NDC and GGC individuals. This result highlights the influence of glycemic control in maintaining a good periodontal status.

Background The association between periodontitis and immuno‐mediated inflammatory diseases has been widely studied and recognized each more over the past few years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential association between psoriasis and periodontitis, as well as the influence of risk variables in this association. Methods This case‐control study included 756 individuals, 397 with psoriasis, and 359 controls. A full‐mouth periodontal examination was performed, recording therefore plaque index, probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing. The influence of risk variables was tested by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Results A high prevalence of periodontitis was observed among cases (46.1%) when compared to controls (33.1%). Individuals with psoriasis presented a 1.72 higher chance of having periodontitis than controls (OR = 1.72; 95% CI 1.28–2.32; p < 0.001) in the univariate analysis, but with no significance in the multivariate model. The prevalence of periodontitis increased significantly according to the severity of psoriasis [mild form (44.4%); moderate (46.3%); and advanced (47.1%)] when compared to the control group (33.1%). The final multivariate logistic model showed that the number of teeth (OR = 1.08; 95% CI 1.01–1.14; p = 0.018), smoking (OR = 1.91; 95% CI 1.19–3.07; p = 0.008), and body mass index (OR = 1.13; 95% CI 1.11–1.16; p < 0.001) remained significantly associated with the occurrence of periodontitis. Conclusions The prevalence of periodontitis was higher in individuals with psoriasis than in controls. Severity of psoriasis also presented a strong relationship with all periodontal clinical parameters.

Periodontitis was positively associated with ED, expressed by a smaller percentage of FMD of the brachial artery and higher salivary levels of MMP-2/TIMP-2 complex. Additionally, salivary levels of NO were significantly associated with better functioning of the vascular endothelium.

This cross-sectional study investigated associations of cumulative smoking exposure and duration of smoking cessation with periodontitis and evaluated the effects of biological, behavioral, and social risk variables on these associations. The sample comprised 705 adults of both sexes (age, 35-65 years) who underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination. Subjects were classified according to smoking status as nonsmokers, former smokers, and current smokers, and univariate and multivariate analysis was used to evaluate associations between periodontitis prevalence and potential risk variables. The rates of periodontitis among nonsmokers, former smokers, and current smokers were 25.6%, 29.3%, and 45.1% respectively. After adjusting for other periodontal risk variables the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for periodontitis was 3.09 (1.98-4.92) for former smokers and 5.24 (2.61-8.97) for current smokers. A significant dose-response relationship between pack-years of smoking and periodontitis prevalence was observed, as was a significant decrease in the risk of periodontitis as years of smoking cessation increased. Cumulative smoking exposure and duration of smoking cessation were significantly associated with periodontitis.

Background and objectives Few studies have evaluated the effect of the topical application of sodium alendronate (ALN) on the treatment of intrabuccal bone defects, especially those caused by periodontitis. This 6-month randomized placebo controlled clinical trial aimed at evaluating the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment associated with the use of 1% ALN, through clinical evaluations and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Material and Methods Twenty individuals with chronic periodontitis underwent periodontal examination at the baseline as well as 3 and 6 months after periodontal treatment, registering clinical attachment level (CAL), periodontal probing depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP) as the clinical outcomes. After manual scaling and root planing, 40 bilateral sites with interproximal vertical bone defects were randomly treated with either 1% ALN gel or a placebo. Bone defects were evaluated through CBCT at the baseline and 6 months post-treatment. The clinical and CBCT parameters were compared using the Wilcoxon and Friedman tests (p<0.05).Results Although ALN produced a greater CAL gain when compared to the placebo at 6 months post-treatment (p=0.021), both treatments produced similar effects on the PPD, BOP, and bone height. Significant differences in bone fill were observed only in patients of the ALN group (4.5 to 3.8 mm; p=0.003) at 6 months post-treatment.Conclusions Topical application of 1% ALN might be a beneficial adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal therapy.

RC patients presented a lower progression of periodontitis and tooth loss compared to EC patients. This result highlighted the influence of the pattern of compliance in maintaining a good periodontal status. Moreover, important risk variables such as smoking and diabetes influenced the periodontal status and should be considered when determining the risk profile and interval time for PMT visits.

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