We found a decrease of gustatory and olfactory functions in total laryngectomized patients in this study.

(1997 -2010), MEDLINE OLD (1966 -1996, LILACS e SciELO. Resultados: Foram encontrados 740 artigos a partir da busca de descritores e termo livre, sendo 278 da PUBMED, 340 da MEDLINE, 56 da MEDLINE OLD, 51 da LILACS, 15 da SciELO Brasil. Considerando os critérios de inclusão e de exclusão foram selecionados 06 artigos para esta revisão. Conclusões: No Brasil há escassez de estudos com a utilização deste método avaliativo, embora internacionalmente seja um importante guia da prática clínica de terapeutas ocupacionais. DESCRITORES:

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar associação de olfato e paladar com a idade e o sexo, em crianças com e sem rinite alérgica. Métodos Estudo observacional, comparativo, analítico e transversal. Amostra composta por 127 crianças, sendo 85 sem rinite alérgica e 42 com rinite alérgica, entre 7 e 12 anos de idade, atendidas no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Foi realizada revisão de prontuário, entrevista com os responsáveis, limpeza nasal, avaliação do olfato por meio de teste embasado na literatura - desenvolvido para esta pesquisa -, higienização bucal e avaliação do paladar, mediante teste das tiras gustativas. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados no programa estatístico SPSS 17.0 e considerou-se o nível de significância de 5%. Utilizou-se o Teste Qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher, além da frequência absoluta e relativa dos dados. Resultados O estudo evidenciou semelhanças entre os níveis de discriminação olfatória e gustatória em sexos e faixas etárias diferentes, nas crianças com e sem rinite alérgica, observada ausência de associações estatisticamente significativas nestas condições. Conclusão Os resultados do estudo se contrapõem à literatura pesquisada, porém contribuem no estabelecimento de escores da quantificação olfatória e gustativa para sexos e idades diferentes, em crianças com e sem rinite alérgica.

The tests aiming at evaluation of taste were judiciously used, ensuring reliability for future research, which may employ methods similar to previous studies.

The measurement of mandibular movements is a complex task that can be simplified through the use of electrognathography (EGN), an examination that can be applied as an auxiliary method for the diagnosis or follow-up of the evolution of specific therapeutics applied to the stomatognathic system. The aim of the present study was to review the literature pertaining to the use of EGN as a method for monitoring jaw movements in the research and treatments related to the stomathognathic system. A literature review was made by searching for articles in PubMED, MEDLINE (1997-2010), MEDLINE (1966-1996), LILACS, Ovid, BBO and SciELO databases. In this systematic review, 373 articles were found, of these, 23 articles were selected. The study concluded that EGN can be used with advantages in varied clinical situations, although it is a technique still not widely applied.

The aim of this study was to systematically review the alterations in smell and taste functions in individuals who underwent total laryngectomy, as well as to identify in the literature some aspects involved in the evaluation of these functions in this population. We performed a systematic review on the databases Medline, LILACS and SciELO, and this data search occurred in October/2010. The search used keywords and free terms, and retrieved 84 articles, 79 from Medline, via Pubmed, and five form LILACS and SciELO. Sixteen of these articles were selected. Most studies in this review attested decline in sensory of smell and taste functions in individuals who underwent total laryngectomy and, although there is consensus regarding the damage caused to these functions by the nasal airflow interruption, it is not yet possible to evidence details in the mechanisms and structures involved, especially regarding the modifications in the olfactory mucous.

Objetive: to identify, in the literature, studies that address the use of motor imagery of swallowing.Methods: a systematic review in SCOPUS databases, Science Direct and Medline, with descriptors and free terms "Motor Imagery"; "Swallow"; "Feeding"; "Stomatognathic System"; "mastication", "Chew"; "Deglutition"; "Deglutition Disorders"; and "Mental Practice". Original articles using the motor imagery of swallowing were included, while reviews were excluded. For data analysis, at the first and second steps, the reading of titles and abstracts of the studies was carried out. In the third step, all studies that were not excluded were read in full. Results: Four manuscripts were selected. The use of motor imagery in the rehabilitation of swallowing shows to be a recent proposal (2014)(2015). The sample was reduced and comprised mainly healthy individuals. The EMG of the supra-hyoid muscles was used in two manuscripts. The most used neuroimaging technique was the Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, demonstrating the occurrence of hemodynamic changes during motor imagery and motor execution of swallowing. Conclusion: the motor imagery produces brain response in the motor area of the brain, suggesting that mentalization of actions related to swallowing is effective. However, further studies are needed for the application of this approach in the swallowing rehabilitation.

IntroductionDepression is a common debilitating disease that affects individuals in all age groups. The impact of the diagnosis extends beyond the individual, with negative effects on mental health, physical health and social well-being. Self-efficacy has been referenced as an important aspect to the prognosis of mood disorders by conferring co-responsibility to the affected individual to face his/her health problems. Several assessment tools are found in the literature for measuring self-efficacy, but it is not yet clear which of these measures are more applicable to individuals with mood disorders, particularly depression. Thus, the aim of present study is to propose a systematic review to examine the psychometric properties and applicability of assessment tools designed to measure self-efficacy in individuals with symptoms and/or a diagnosis of depression.Methods and analysisThis protocol is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols statement and the review will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. The evaluation of the psychometric properties of the health outcome measures will be conducted according to COSMIN guidelines. Two independent reviewers will perform the electronic searches in the PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, SCOPUS and CINAHL databases, followed by the use of the ‘snowball’ strategy. The inclusion criteria will be (1) instrument validation studies, (2) developed with individuals of any age (3) with symptoms or a diagnosis of depression. Two independent reviewers will analyse the titles and abstracts of the articles retrieved during the search for pre-selection, followed by full-text analyses to determine inclusion in the review based on the eligibility criteria. Cases of a divergence of opinion will be resolved by a third reviewer. Descriptive analysis of the articles will be performed (data on participants, characteristics, psychometric properties and clinical usefulness of the assessment tools).Ethics and disseminationThe proposed systematic review will provide information on assessment tools employed to measure self-efficacy with regard to coping with depression, offering data on the psychometric properties, strong and weak points, and clinical applicability. As a secondary analysis of the literature, the approval of an ethics committee is not required.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017078707