To cite this article: Mudrikah, A. (2016). Problem-based learning associated by action-process-object-schema (APOS) theory to enhance students' high order mathematical thinking ability. International Journal of Research in Education and Science (IJRES), 2(1),[125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135] This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes.Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.Authors alone are responsible for the contents of their articles. The journal owns the copyright of the articles.The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of the research material. International Journal of Research in Education and Science AbstractThe research has shown a model of learning activities that can be used to stimulate reflective abstraction in students. Reflective abstraction as a method of constructing knowledge in the Action-Process-Object-Schema theory, and is expected to occur when students are in learning activities, will be able to encourage students to make the process of formation of new mental objects, new processes and new schemes through the construction process in the form of generalization, interiorization, encapsulation, coordination and reversal. Problem-based learning that is presented through eight steps of learning has been able to enhance the mental action in students even though there is no doubt that it cannot possibly know the whole picture of a person's mental activity. All steps in the problem-based learning approach can reflect on the problems of mental action in students. Problembased learning is appropriate to be used to improve students' high order mathematical thinking ability because of it has been able to condition the reflective abstraction related mental actions, mental processes, mental objects and schemes in students. Computer assistance and scaffolding techniques can be further stimulus for students to take place in their mental action which corresponded to expectations.
Pendidikan menjadi bagian yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan kulitas sumber daya manusia, sehingga diperlukan banyak terobosan program pendidikan pada berbagai jenjang pendidikan termasuk perguruan tinggi seperti Universitas Islam Nusantara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Implementasi Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) sebagai salah satu upaya pemerintah dalam mengembangkan proses pembelajaran dengan fokus pada peningkatan kualitas lulusan, peningkatan kualitas dosen dan peningkatan kualitas kurikulum di perguruan tinggi. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif dengan responden sebanyak 2897 terdiri dari mahasiswa, 164 dosen dan 122 tenaga kependidikan dengan total responden dalam penelitian sebanyak 3223 responden. Setelah dilakukan analisa data, menujukkan bahwa kesiapan mahasiswa dengan program ini sebesar 66 %, kesiapan dosen sebesar 53 %, kesiapan tenaga kependidikan sebesar 83 %. Hasil ini menujukkan kesiapan seluruh unsur pendidikan yang ada di kampus dalam melaksanakan program MBKM, dengan asumsi angka yang dihasilkan diatas 50%. Beberapa kendala terkait program ini lebih karena sosialisasi yang kurang masif pada beberapa program studi. Selebihnya mahasiswa yang siap terlibat dalam MBKM sebesar 57,75 %.
A this paper discusses the innovation strategy to develop 21st century skills for students through STEM project-based learning models. That is project-based learning by integrating STEM fields, where the teacher through the topics discussed connects science and technology through engineering techniques. In the context of mathematics learning, STEM project-based learning is very potential to provide meaningful learning, can train students' abilities to problem-solving through an integrated project with one or several other scientific fields, in addition to providing students with an experience that mathematics is real benefits for life, and around them.
Observing the quality of education should include teachers as the frontline in education. Even a good curriculum and program will be meaningless if the teacher does not implement it responsibly and consistently. This study aims to analyze teacher performance supervision programs, organize teacher performance supervision programs, movement and leadership supervision of teacher performance, control the effectiveness of teacher performance supervision, and creative and innovative ideas in realizing the effectiveness of teacher performance supervision. This research uses a qualitative approach with the Case Study method. The method used to collect data is interviews, observation, and documentation. The instrument used to collect data is a questionnaire. Research subjects or research respondents were selected purposively. The technique used to analyze the data is descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of this study are, first, the planning program has not been implemented effectively due to the problem of limited resources. Second, the implementation of supervision has not been carried out optimally. Third, the movement and leadership went relatively well; however, improvements are still needed in the managerial aspects of leadership. Fourth, controlling the effectiveness of teacher performance supervision is carried out in stages. Fifth, creative and innovative ideas emphasize strengthening supervision of teacher performance in Madrasah Aliyah education units and e-Kinerja applications. In addition, the implementation and evaluation of teacher performance supervision have been carried out by the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) issued by the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. However, the results are still not practical due to various resource constraints.
The development of madrasahs cannot be separated from the productive human resources in them. Productive human resources cannot be separated from good management. This management is known as human resource management. In managing human resources, the madrasah must be able to create a management model that is planned, structured, and measurable in order to produce quality human resources. The human resource management model at Islamic boarding school-based Madrasah Tsanawiyah has its own uniqueness in achieving the vision of the institution. Starting with the main competencies that correspond to the institution's dominance and the continuity of human resources who always carry out service to the institution. The human resource management model in Islamic boarding schools begins with the stages of carrying out job analysis, implementing recruitment, implementing HR placement, implementing HR development, implementing compensation, implementing integration, implementing HR maintenance, implementing termination of employment, and last is the implementation of HR monitoring and assessment stages.
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