Index modulation aided orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM-IM) is a potential multicarrier transmission technique for wireless data transmission systems due to its attractive error performance and energy efficiency. However, it fails to cope with increasing demand of high data rate in upcoming mobile data services, mainly, due to the lower spectral efficiency.In this communication, an efficient transmission technique, called index and mode modulation OFDM, is proposed that delivers additional information through permutations of multiple modes and indexed bits patterns resulting in higher spectral efficiency. For the proposed technique, a low complexity log-likelihood ratio detector with suitable algorithm is designed and its computational complexity has been analysed. The simulation results indicate improved performance of this newly proposed scheme in terms of spectral efficiency, bit error rate, as well as energy efficiency over other existing index modulated and multiple mode based OFDM schemes, while maintaining considerably low computational complexity in detection. That proclaims the scheme as a potential transmission technique to meet the data transmission challenges in 5G and beyond.
This study proposes an incentive-based femtocell cooperation scheme for indoor macrocell users (MUs) in an underlay two-tier heterogeneous network which helps the indoor MUs to achieve higher data rate through time sharing access from the femtocell. Due to underlay spectrum sharing nature of the femtocell, the network suffers from severe cross-tier interference. To manage this cross-tier interference, a price-based power control scheme is also proposed for the femtocell access point (FAP) whereby the macrocell base station (MBS) controls the transmit power of the FAP by pricing their resulted cross-tier interference power level subject to a maximum tolerable interference limit. A Stackelberg game has been formulated and analysed for joint pricing-based power control and incentive-based cooperation game. Numerical results show the performance of the proposed scheme in terms of achievable rate of indoor users and utilities of both the MBS and the FAP for different locations of the femtocells.
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