20 ps Transition Time All-Optical SOA-Based Flip-Flop Used for Photonic 10 Gb/s Switching Operation Without Any Bit Loss

Malacarne, Antonio; Wang, Jing; Zhang, Yuancheng; Barman, Abhirup Das; Berrettini, G.; Potì, L.; Bogoni, Antonella

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2008.918654

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The building-up process takes 5-6 steps, so the rise time is ~1 μs. However, since all the proposed flip-flop setups are SOA-based, in [13] it is demonstrated that photonic integration can reduce the cavity length to millimeters. This way it is possible to reduce the rise time to less than 100 ps, thus making GHz flip-flop operation possible.…”

Section: Speed Limitation Of Clocked Flip-flopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-Optical Clocked Flip-Flops Exploiting SOA-Based SR Latches and Logic Gates

Wang

Meloni

Berrettini

et al. 2009

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. All-optical flip-flops are key components of photonic digital processing in next generation optical network and computing. In most digital applications, signal synchronization with a reference clock is a basic feature. In this paper, an entire set of all-optical clocked flip-flops, including SR, D, T, and JK types is proposed and demonstrated, each employing a single SR latch and optical logic gates previously introduced in literature. The bi-stable element is based on gain quenching mechanism between SOAs of two coupled fiber ring lasers. Three logic gates are carried out by exploiting four wave mixing (FWM) and cross gain modulation (XGM) nonlinear effects in SOA. Different flip-flop functionalities are obtained by adding one of the logic gates, or a combination of them, to the latch scheme. Performance evaluation in terms of extinction ratio demonstrates the effectiveness of proposed schemes. Speed limitation of flip-flop operation is also investigated and photonic integration is identified as a feasible solution to increase the operation speed beyond GHz.

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Section: Speed Limitation Of Clocked Flip-flopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-Optical Clocked Flip-Flops Exploiting SOA-Based SR Latches and Logic Gates

Wang

Meloni

Berrettini

et al. 2009

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Self Cite

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“…Several concepts of AOFF's have been demonstrated so far, but most of them require multiple active sections which results in a difficult integration and large power consumption [3][4] . One of the smallest on-chip AOFF's reported at telecom wavelength of 1.55µm consists of two coupled ring lasers, each ring having a diameter of 16µm, and the flip-flop, completely fabricated in InP and with a total area of 40x18µm 2 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneously integrated microdisk lasers for optical interconnects and optical logic

et al. 2011

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Optical interconnect and optical packet switching systems could take advantage of small footprint, low power lasers and optical logic elements. Microdisk lasers, with a diameter below 10µm and fabricated in InP membranes with a high index contrast, offer this possibility at the telecom wavelengths. The lasers are fabricated using heterogeneous integration of InP membranes on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) passive waveguide circuits, which allows to combine the active elements with compact, high-index contrast passive elements. The lasing mode in such microdisk lasers is a whispering gallery mode, which can be either in the clockwise (CW) or counter clockwise direction (CCW) or in both. The coupling to the SOI wire waveguides is through evanescent coupling. Predefined, unidirectional operation can be achieved by terminating the SOI wires at one end with Bragg gratings. For all-optical flip-flops, the laser operation must be switchable between CW and CCW, using short optical pulses. Unidirectional operation in either direction is only possible if the coupling between CW and CCW direction is very small, requiring small sidewall surface roughness, and if the gain suppression is sufficiently large, requiring large internal power levels. All-optical flip-flops based on microdisk lasers with diameter of 7.5µm have been demonstrated. They operate with a CW power consumption of a few mW and switch in 60ps with switching energies as low as 1.8fJ. Operation as all-optical gate has also been demonstrated. The surface roughness is limited through optimized etching of the disks and the large internal power is obtained through good heat sink.

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“…Several concepts for all-optical flip-flops have been proposed so far, but most of them require multiple active sections which results in a difficult integration and large power consumption [3][4]. One of the most well-known flipflop concepts in literature is composed of two coupled ring lasers that force each other to operate in a unidirectional operation either in a clockwise or a counterclockwise mode [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%