Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant Vitamins A, E, and C and the glycated hemoglobin levels with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods:The current study is a cross-sectional study group, comprised no diabetic individuals (100 healthy) as control groups and diabetic patients (300) as cases groups, attending the Khartoum -Sudan for routine follow-up during 2013-2015. The data were collected with the help of structured questionnaire and direct interview to collect information. Blood specimens were collected from both groups, and plasma levels of MDA, serum zinc, antioxidant Vitamins (A, E, and C), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were determined. Odds ratio and the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated for the presence of mutation between cases and controls and analyzed by SPSS program, version 13. Results:The results of this study indicate a highly significant difference between the means of HbA1c% of the test group (n=300) and the control group (n=100). Mean ± SD: 7.5 ± 1.4 versus 4.9 ± 0.3, respectively (p=0.001). Significant positive correlation between HbA1c and MDA (p=0.003). Significant correlation between HbA1c% and plasma Vitamins A, E, and C of the test group, respectively (p=0.002), (p=0.0008), and (p=0.01).
BACKGROUND: Recurrent pregnancy loss is classically defined as the occurrence of three or more consecutive pregnancy loss. Recurrent pregnancy loss affects from 1-5% of the reproductive age couples. This diagnosis is both emotionally challenging and confusing for most couples, as the definitive diagnosis using conventional evaluations is found in fewer than half of the couples experiencing repeated loss. AIM: The purpose of this study was to define the association between Factor V Leiden G1691A, Prothrombin G20210A, MTHFC677T mutations and recurrent pregnancy loss in a group of Sudanese women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This a retrospective analytical case control study was carried out at Omdurman Maternal Hospital, Sudan between July 2013 to July 2015. Consent was obtained from the ethical committee of the Faculty Research Board and Hospital of Omdurman Maternity Hospital (Sudan). The study included a hundred pregnant females with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion as the (case group) and ninety-five healthy reproductive Sudanese women as the (control group). The data was collected with the help of a structured questionnaire and direct interview to collect information. Identification of point mutation in factor V Leiden G1691A, prothrombin G20210A and MTHF C677T gene by polymerase chain reaction was performed. The odds ratio and the 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated for the presence of mutation case group and the control group and analyzed by SPSS program, version 17.0. RESULTS: The frequency of prothrombin G20210A, MTHFC677T, was low overall, except for the Factor V Leiden G1691A. The differences between patients and controls had no statistical significance (P- Value>0.05). CONCLUSION: Our study confirms the low prevalence of inherited thrombophilias in Sudanese populations and it is unlikely that the tested thrombophilias play a role in the pathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss in the Sudanse population.Therefore, we conclude that the low prevalence of Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A and MTHFC677T in Sudanese women with RPL and does not play a role in the pathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss among our population.
Objective: The objective of the current study is to compare the levels of oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA), zinc, and antioxidant Vitamins (A, E, and C) in ischemic heart disease (IHD) and non-IHD patients with diabetes mellitus.Method: This is cross-sectional study group, conducted in the advanced diagnostic center (Khartoum- Sudan) from the period May 2013 to August 2015. Comprised 100 healthy subjects were, control group with mean (fasting blood sugar) 5.61=m mol/L, the age ranged from 22 to 78 years old, the average of the age was 50.1 years. 300 patients (78 IHD and 222 without) as cases groups, the ages ranged from 30 to 80 years. The age average was 51.2 years, all samples were in a state of fasting for 12 h, and the data were collected using a structured questionnaire and direct interview to collect information. Blood specimens were collected from both groups, and plasma levels of MDA, zinc, and antioxidant Vitamins (A, E, and C) were determined.Results: There was a significant difference between the level of serum Vitamin A, E, and MDA in diabetic patients with IHD and those diabetic without IHD (p<0.05). No significant differences in serum Vitamin C level between both groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: Due to the significant differences in serum Vitamin A, E, Zinc, and MDA between diabetics with IHD and diabetics without IHD, these parameters can be used as prognostic markers for prediction of oxidative stress and antioxidant stress of diabetic patients with IHD complications.
Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases in which the number of patients increases every year. Moreover, diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for the risk for the development of other diseases. Therefore, the number of studies that address various aspects of the diagnosis and control of the processes of diabetes is increasing. Among such studies, an important place is taken by the analysis of the relationship between low and high density lipoprotein and antioxidant vitamins A, E, C. Such an analysis can be done using various analytical methods. This expands medical diagnostics and treatment options for diseases. The study was based on a sample of 300 patients with type 2 diabetes. For analysis, we used: correlation analysis and the wavelet coherence method. The values of wavelet coherence between low and high density lipoprotein and antioxidant vitamins A, E, C for different levels of glycosylated hemoglobin were obtained. This provides an explanation of the differences in the relationship between low and high density lipoprotein and antioxidant vitamins. Also a more consistent dynamics is observed between antioxidant vitamins A, E, C and HDL, taking into account changes in glycosylated hemoglobin levels. This is a key factor in understanding the greater correlations between antioxidant vitamins A, E, C, and HDL.
Erythroferrone (ERFE) is a hormone produced by erythroblasts in the bone marrow in response to erythropoietin controlling iron storage release through its actions on hepcidin, which acts on hepatocytes to suppress expression of the hormone hepcidin. Erythroferrone now considered is one of potential clinical biomarkers for assessing erythropoiesis activity in patients with blood disorders regarding to iron imbalance. Since discovery of in 2014 by Dr. Leon Kautz and colleagues and till now no more enough studies in Erythroferrone among human, most studies are conducted in animals. In this review we briefly address the Role of Erythroferrone hormone as erythroid regulator of hepcidin and iron metabolism during thalassemia and in iron deficiency anemia. Studies in this review were identified through a search using the following electronic databases: PubMed, Academia, Scopus, Google Scholar, and another open database source. Conclusion: Most of studies concluded that, in people with thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia, erythroferrone levels in the blood are higher than in people without thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia. Knowing the mechanisms of erythroferrone as erythroid regulator of hepcidin and iron metabolism during thalassemia and in iron deficiency anemia important in the diagnosis and treatment for both conditions. The erythroferrone hormone may act as potential factor in physiological hepcidin suppressor in cases with iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia disease and play a key role in treatment process among those patients in status of iron deficiency or iron overload. However, till now few studies of the function of ERFE in humans because is recently discovered and remains to be investigated and most studies are conducted among animals.
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