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We created an anisotropic material based on collagen sponge and reactive polylactide structured by laser photopolymerization. The combination of collagen with reactive polylactide improves the resistance of the formed matrices to biodegradation in comparison with collagen sponge, while the existence of sites with different mechanical characteristics and cell affinity on the matrix provides directed cell growth during their culturing. It was shown that reinforcement of the collagen sponges 7-fold increased the mean Young's modulus for the hybrid matrix without affecting its cytotoxicity. The developed matrix provides cell adhesion and proliferation along reinforcement lines and can be used for fabrication of tissue engineering constructs.

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In this paper, we studied the e®ects of physical factors, such as, acoustic pulses of laser-induced hydrodynamics (ALIH) and extremely-high frequencies (EHF) radiation, on the formation of heterotopic bone marrow organs. A suspension of precipitated bone marrow cells from CBA mice were exposed to ALIH pulses and EHF radiation separately and in their combination tissue engineering constructs, presenting gelatin sponges 2 by 2 by 2 mm in size containing 10 7 nucleated bone marrow cells, were exposed to physical factors and were implanted under the renal capsules of syngeneic mice. The newly formed hematopoietic organs were examined in three and¯ve months later after treatment. The¯ve months old transplants were bigger in size than the three months old transplants. The number of hematopoietic cells in the rest of the groups increased during this period by a factor from 3 to 10, the increase being as high as 20-fold in the ALIHþEHF group. Maximal concentration of multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) was in the ¶ Corresponding author. EHFþALIH, and minimal concentration was in the ALIHþEHF. The accumulation rate of bone capsule weight was highest for the transplants of EHFþALIH and ALIH-sponge groups during the¯rst three months. These data showed that the combined impact of the EHFþALIH on MSCs is the most e®ective for the formation of bone marrow transplantation.