The impact of distress experienced during pregnancy on prenatal attachment

Abstract

Gebelikte distres durumunun prenatal ba¤lanmaya etkisi Amaç: Gebelikte yaflanan distres durumunun prenatal ba¤lanmaya etkisini belirlemektir. Yöntem: Tan›mlay›c› ve kesitsel türde gerçeklefltirilen çal›flma, Mart-Temmuz 2018 aras›nda bir Vak›f Üniversitesi T›p Fakültesi Hastanesi Kad›n Hastal›klar› ve Do¤um Poliklini¤ine baflvuran 370 gebe ile gerçeklefltirildi. Veriler, tan›t›c› bilgi formu, prenatal ba¤lanma ölçe¤i ve prenatal distres ölçe¤i kullan›larak elde edildi. Verilerin analizinde, frekans ve yüzde da¤›l›m, ortalama, Kruskal-Wallis ve Mann-Whitney U testi ve Spearman korelasyon analizi kullan›ld›. Bulgular: Gebelerin %82.9'u 18-35 yafl aral›¤›nda, %36.8'i primigravida idi ve %68.3'ü planlayarak gebe kalm›fl, %52.2'si efli ile her zaman uyumlu, %70.8'i bu gebeli¤inde aile deste¤i alm›fl ve %30.2'si bu gebeli¤inde problem yaflam›flt›. Gebelerin prenatal ba¤lanma ölçek puan ortalamas› 62.35±11.28, prenatal distres ölçek puan ortalamas› 10.26 ± 5.18 idi. Her iki puan ortalamalar› aras›nda negatif yönde zay›f ve ileri düzeyde anlaml› bir iliflki saptand›. Sonuç: Gebelikte yaflanan distres durumu, prenatal ba¤lanmay› olumsuz yönde etkilemifltir. Planlayarak gebe kalan ve ilk gebeli¤i olan, gebelikte sorun yaflamayan ve efli ile her zaman uyumlu olan kad›nlar›n prenatal distres düzeyi anlaml› derecede düflük bulunmufltur. Prenatal ba¤lanma düzeyine, planl› gebe kalma ve efli ile uyumlu olma durumu olumlu yönde etkili olmufltur.

The Relationship Between Pregnant Women s Prenatal Attachment Levels and Health Practices During Pregnancy and Affecting Factors

“…This study showed that the prenatal attachment levels of the pregnant women was mediocre (61.57±11.73). Previous studies result also were similar with this study (Coşkun et al, 2019;Bakır and Sarızayim, 2020). A review of the literature showed that a higher prenatal attachment level is related to positive pregnancy, labor, and postpartum results.…”

“…So, planned pregnancies can increase the prenatal attachment level. Previous studies also support this finding (Ossa et al, 2012;Karakoç and Ozkan, 2017;Pakseresht et al, 2018;Coşkun et al, 2019;Karabulutlu et al, 2020;Çelik and Güneri, 2020). Pregnant women with unplanned pregnancies fall behind in receiving health care services, encounter more risky situations, have more complications, and have less self-care (Boden et al, 2015;Goossens et al, 2016;Srewart et al, 2016;Canella et al, In this regards, Zibellina et al highlighted that a planned pregnancy and women's level of education has great importance for the increase of prenatal attachment and a healthy pregnancy.…”

“…A review of the literature showed that a higher prenatal attachment level is related to positive pregnancy, labor, and postpartum results. Pregnant women with a higher prenatal attachment have a healthier pregnancy, less labor-related fear, and a lower rate of depression and anxiety in the postpartum period (Salehi and Kohan, 2017;Coşkun et al, 2019;Bakır and Sarızayim, 2020;Pakseresht et al, 2018).…”

Factors Affecting Primiparous Pregnant Women’s Prenatal Attachment Levels, Childbirth Self-Efficacy Beliefs, and Labor Worry Levels

“…Furthermore, it was found that the levels of worry about pain and distress likely to be experienced during labor affected the participants’ prenatal attachment levels. In studies in Turkey and the rest of the world, it has been discovered that pregnant women who had high levels of anxiety also had a lower quality of prenatal attachment (Coşkun et al, 2019; Pisoni et al, 2014; Wahyuntari & Puspitasari, 2021). Besides, Wilson and Simpson (2016) reported a positive relationship between anxiety about attachment and pain perception.…”

Effect of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program on stress, anxiety, and childbirth fear in pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19

“…An ad hoc power analysis was performed to estimate the appropriate sample size. In the literature review, it was determined that for the primary outcome of the study, the mean distress score in pregnancy, was previously reported as 62.35 (standard deviation 11.28) [ 22 ]. Accordingly, assuming that the mean post-intervention distress score would decrease by seven points in the study, the minimum required samples size was calculated as 42 pregnant women in each group, with a 5% margin of error and a two-tailed significance level, in a 95% confidence interval, and an 80% power to represent the population (42 pregnant women for the experimental group and 42 pregnant women for the control group).…”