THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYZED VIRGIN COCONUT OIL ON Propionibacterium acne, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis AND METHICILLIN-RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus

Margata, Linda; Silalahi, Jansen; Harahap, Urip; Suryanto, Dwi; Satria, Denny

doi:10.31788/rjc.2019.1225113

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The production which is convenient and low-cost from a natural product namely coconut fruit provides extra value. Moreover, various publications stated that VCO has an extraordinary antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses [17][18][19][20][21]. The ability of its active compounds as an antimicrobial agent is also an important aspect to support the values as a functional food with incredible health benefits.…”

Section: Microwave Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Properties of Lauric Acid and Monolaurin in Virgin Coconut Oil: A Review

et al. 2022

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Virgin coconut oil is obtained by wet processing of coconut milk using fermentation, centrifugation, enzymatic extraction, and the microwave heating method. Presently, VCO has several positive effects and benefits to human health, hence, it is regularly consumed and widely known as a unique functional food. VCO contains lauric acid (45 to 52 %). By lipase in the digestive system, VCO can undergo a breakdown into lauric acid, 1-monolaurin, and 2-monolaurin. These components have both hydrophilic and lipophilic groups and are also recognized as excellent antimicrobial lipids. Furthermore, lauric acid and monolaurin can be used as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral with broad-spectrum inhibition. Lauric acid and monolaurin have a strong ability to destroy gram-positive bacteria, especially S. aureus, fungi such as C. Albicans, and viruses including vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and visna virus (VV). Lauric acid and monolaurin interact with certain functional groups located in the cell membrane and can cause damage to the cell. In general, the potential of VCO as healthy food is contributed by lauric acid and monolaurin which are antimicrobial agents.

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Section: Microwave Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Properties of Lauric Acid and Monolaurin in Virgin Coconut Oil: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…Several previous studies have explained that VCO contains phytosterols which can be helpful as an anti-inflammatory and can also be useful as antipyretics, analgesics, antibacterial, antioxidants, and anti-diabetic [8][9][10]. As a triglyceride, coconut oil lacks antibacterial and antiviral action; however, when partly hydrolyzed, VCO produces free fatty acids and monoglycerides [11]. Fatty acid and monoglyceride combinations are diglycerides that are not antibacterial or antiviral [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anti-inflamatory activity of hydrolized virgin coconut oil towards RAW 264.7 cell

Nasution¹,

Silalahi²,

Harahap³

et al. 2023

jrp

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Inflammation can result from the introduction of foreign things into the body, such as bacteria or viruses. Inflammation activates macrophages and mast cells, which serve as immunological agents. The resultant hydrolysis of virgin coconut oil (HVCO) has an anti-inflammatory effect. This research aimed to determine how HVCO affects antiinflammatory effects in vitro RAW 264.7 cells were activated against lipopolysaccharide. HVCO has anti-inflammatory effects determined by performing a live-cell viability assay using the MTT method [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5diphenyl tetrazolium bromide], IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, COX-2, and β-actin gene expression have been studied utilizing reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The HVCO test results on RAW 264.7 cells with the cell viability test at concentrations (62.5 g/mL; 31.5 g/mL) showed the percentage of live cells (> 90%), namely (97.74 ± 0.31; 102.31 ± 1.21) and assays using the expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2, and β-actin genes from HVCO in cells induced with LPS decreased the density value of HVCO, the expression of iNOS and IL-1β resulted in density values the best (0.72±0.010) and (2.40±0.015), TNF-α (0.76±0.7633), IL-6 (1.16±0.010), COX-2 (0.98 ± 0.010), and β-actin (1,02± 0,010). This study showed that HVCO has anti-inflammatory actions on RAW 264.7 cells caused by lipopolysaccharide.

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“…VCO can be useful as an anti-acne because it can prevent tissue damage, provides a smooth and soft texture to the skin, protection against the skin and contains compounds that act as antibacterials (Mu'awanah et al, 2014). VCO is antibacterial because it contains medium chain faty acids which break down in the body into monoglycerides in the form of monolaurin, monocaprin, monocaprillin and monocaproin which have antibacterial activity such as against Propionibacterium acne, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus which are the bacteria that cause acne (Margata et al, 2019). Based on the benefits of VCO for skin, with the addition of VCO into the sweet potato leaf extract cream in this study was expected to obtain a cream extract that has a good spread and adhesion, a soft and smooth texture, so that it can be used to prevent and treat disease disorders in the skin, especially caused by Staphylococcus aureus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of virgin coconut oil (VCO) on the physical stability of sweet potato leaf extract (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) creams and antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923

Marpaung

Prasetyo

2021

Pharmaciana

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VCO (virgin coconut oil) has benefits for skin health such as softening the skin, maintaining skin health, and protecting the skin from radiation and free radicals. VCO as one of the raw materials for making cream preparations can affect its physical stability. This study aimed to analyze the effect of VCO on the physical stability of sweet potato leaf extract creams and antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The creams were made with five formulas namely base, extract cream 2%, and VCO 1%, 3%, 5% added to the extract cream 2% respectively. Physical stability test included storage for six weeks at room temperature. Stability parameters were organoleptic observation, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesivity, and cream type. Statistical analysis was carried out with the Anova and Kruskal Wallis tests. The organoleptic test results of the cream extract showed a distinctive odor, green color, with semisolid and homogeneous texture. Increasing the concentration of VCO will increase the spreadability of extract cream but did not affect pH and adhesion. The conclusion of this study was that extract cream 2% without the addition of VCO was the most stable cream formulation. Besides that, all the cream formulas did not show antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.

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THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYZED VIRGIN COCONUT OIL ON Propionibacterium acne, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis AND METHICILLIN-RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Antimicrobial Properties of Lauric Acid and Monolaurin in Virgin Coconut Oil: A Review

Antimicrobial Properties of Lauric Acid and Monolaurin in Virgin Coconut Oil: A Review

The anti-inflamatory activity of hydrolized virgin coconut oil towards RAW 264.7 cell

Effect of virgin coconut oil (VCO) on the physical stability of sweet potato leaf extract (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) creams and antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923

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