Family farming has experienced the dismantling of its institutions in Brazil. This scenario, added to the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, can jeopardize the social well-being of farming families, given that the assets and resources of farmers achieved during participation in public policies may be compromised. In this sense, taking as an example the case of the Food Acquisition Program (PAA), current Programa Alimenta Brasil -a prominent policy for providing a range of benefits to family farming, but which has faced dismantling -, this dissertation sought to analyze whether the dismantling of the PAA affected the social vulnerability of family farmers who participated in the program in the municipality of Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo. Therefore, initially, a bibliographic review was carried out on the two theoretical references that guide this research: dismantling of public policies and social vulnerability. Next, the legal framework of the PAA (laws, decrees, norms, etc.) and data in public databases were consulted to reconstruct the trajectory of the dismantling of the PAA at the federal and municipal levels. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the actors participating in the PAA in Capão Bonito (farmers, leaders of farmers' organizations and ATER professionals) to collect information regarding the social vulnerability framework. The results suggest that the dismantling of the PAA was carried out by different strategies over the years and motivated by the political-ideological changes that took place in Brazil. And, both the lack of the program and the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic gave the interviewed farmers from Capão Bonito an increase in social vulnerability