Study of expression of PTEN and Cyclin D1 in endometrium at a tertiary care centre

Abstract

Background: To study the expression of PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin homologue) and Cyclin D1 in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium by immunohistochemistry and to corroborate the interrelationship between PTEN and Cyclin D1 in normal to neoplastic endometrial disorders including endometrial carcinoma.Methods: Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) sections of spectrum of endometrium in fifty different cases were taken from secretory phase to endometrial carcinoma and subjected to Immunohistochemistry using PTEN and Cyclin D1 .Results: Immunoreactivity was regarded as positive when brown staining was localized in the nuclei or cytoplasm. The intensity of nuclear staining was graded from 0 to 3+ and the extent was semi quantitatively estimated. If less than 10% of cells were positive a score of 0 was given, 11 % to 30% cell positivity was scored as 1+, 31% to 60 % positivity was scored as 2+ and more than 60% positive cells was labelled as 3+. Statistical analysis was performed with Chi-Square test and significant differences were noted between these 3 groups (p value < 0.05).Conclusions: The present study supports that an inverse correlation exists in the expression of PTEN and Cyclin D1 in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium. The decreased PTEN expression is a marker of the earliest endometrial premalignant lesions, and we propose that use of PTEN immunostaining may be informative in identifying premalignant lesions that are likely to progress to carcinoma. Cyclin D1 expression in endometrial glands increases progressively in intensity and extent from normal endometrium to hyperplasia to carcinoma.

Immunohistochemical Study on Pten and Cyclin D1 in Non-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Endometrial Lesions

“…PTEN positivity was found in all 47 (100%) cases of proliferative endometrium, 18 (90%) cases in secretory endometrium, which was similar to several studies in which PTEN positivity was seen in 100% of the cases of proliferative and secretory endometrium. 10,12,13,14,15,16 However , in the study done by Tantbirojn et al 17 , 100% positivity was seen in proliferative endometrium but only 60% in secretory endometrium.…”

Immunohistochemical Expression of Cyclin D1 and PIN1 in Endometrial Carcinoma

“…Yan et al [25] demonstrated that [42.3%] of their cases exhibited positive expression of Cyclin D1. While Suri et al [32] & Thukral et al [4] detected that [85.71%] of carcinoma endometrium were positive for Cyclin D1.…”

“…Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female genital system. Endometrial carcinoma development involves the stepwise acquisition of several genetic alterations involving oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes [4] . Various prognostic factors have been widely researched to improve the patients' management, treatment, and follow-up.…”

“…The presence of many histological subtypes of endometrial carcinoma indicates various tumorigenesis pathways for endometrium cancer development and progression [3], including stepwise attainment of numerous genetic variations in tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes [4] .…”

“…Cyclins are key elements in regulating the cell cycle in combination with their respective cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6, which phosphorylate retinoblastoma protein contribute to release of proteins E2F. These proteins can motivate genes mandatory for the cell's progression to the S-phase in the G1-phase [4] .…”