Immunohistochemical Expression of Cyclin D1 and PIN1 in Endometrial Carcinoma

Abstract

Background: Cyclin D1, a positive regular of the cell cycle, may lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation. The overexpression of Cyclin D1 has been associated with numerous tumors' diagnosis and prognosis. PIN1 binds and isomerizes the phosphorylated serine/threonine-proline motif, which leads to alteration in the structure and function of proteins. The altered phosphorylated proteins by PIN1 are closely linked to cancer development. PIN1 is strongly expressed in most tumors, suggesting it promotes tumorigenesis and is negatively associated with the clinical prognosis. Objectives: To assess Cyclin D1 & PIN1 expression and correlation in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Also, to assess the relationship between Cyclin D1 & PIN1 expression and clinicopathological variables of cases with endometrial carcinoma. Materials and Methods: The study included 30 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma specimens. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for both Cyclin D1 and PIN1. Blocks of tumor tissue and clinical data were gathered from Pathology Department of Al-Zahraa University Hospital files between July 2017 and October 2019. Results: Cyclin D1 positive expression and PIN1 high expression were increased significantly with age, high clinicalstage, high pathological grade, and more myometrium invasion depth. Cyclin D1 expression was positively associated with PIN1 expression (P-value = 0.004). Conclusions: Cyclin D1 and PIN1 expression are associated with age, stage, grade, and depth of myometrial wall invasion in patients with endometrial carcinoma. The overexpression of Cyclin D1 & PIN1 seems to indicate a more malignant phenotype of endometrial carcinoma.