Síndrome de Burnout em trabalhadores do setor bancário: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Objetiva-se identifi car, nos indexadores PUBMED, SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ISI Web of Knowledge e Science Direct, estudos empíricos que investigassem a prevalência e os fatores associados à síndrome de burnout em bancários, e analisá-los em relação aos delineamentos de pesquisa empregados. Foram identifi cadas 16 pesquisas, agrupadas em variáveis sociodemográfi cas, pessoais, organizacionais e laborais relacionadas ao burnout. O tamanho da amostra variou de 50 a 6.091 participantes (mediana = 250,5). Duas pesquisas investigaram prevalência, encontrando um resultado de 49,6 e 55,78% dos participantes acometidos pela síndrome. A maioria dos estudos caracterizou-se como pesquisas de levantamento, sendo apenas um experimental. Observou-se que os participantes com jornadas de trabalho igual ou superior a 40 horas semanais e contato direto com clientes foram os mais acometidos pela síndrome. A realização de exercícios físicos se mostrou capaz de reduzir os níveis de burnout entre os participantes. A análise crítica apontou a necessidade de novos estudos com grupos caso e não caso da síndrome e inclusão de outras variáveis pessoais, organizacionais e laborais, que permitam uma melhor compreensão do burnout e o desenvolvimento de tecnologias para sua reversão e prevenção, além de respaldar a generalização dos resultados.

Work Context and Burnout: Confirmation of Moderators from Meta-analysis Evidence

“…The positive impact of the Work Context factor in burnout converged with literature. Especially, burnout symptoms related to exhaustion seems positively correlated with Work Context factors, when there are high psychological, affective, cognitive and psychical demands, lack of supportive work conditions and ineffective ergonomics practices (Adil & Baig, 2018;Dias & Angélico, 2018;Demerouti et al, 2001). The average positive effect also converged with another metanalysis from literature which supports our metamodeling (Nahrgang et al, 2011).…”

“…The first studies were undertaken in the 1970s and today, almost 50 years of research, point out to the complexity of the construct (Maslach, Schaufeli, & Leiter, 2001). Currently, it is a broad health-labor problem including health, educational and others organizational sectors with high costs to company's productivity and individual's quality of life (Cortez, Souza, Amaral, & Silva, 2017;Dias & Angélico, 2018;Maske, Riedel-Heller, Seiffert, Jacobi, & Hapke, 2016). In Brazil, it is considered an occupational disease recognised by Social Security since 1999, benefit B91 (Brasil, 1999;Cardoso, Baptista, Sousa, & Goulart Junior, 2017).…”

Working conditions and burnout syndrome in private bank branch employees in Ankara, Turkey

“…High-intensity, lowintensity, and non-exercise groups were compared, and the levels of burnout were higher among those who did not engage in regular exercise [29]. Physical activity helped to reduce burnout levels in employees [6].…”

“…According to Dias and Angelico, burnout is triggered by the factors of organizational context such as working organization, physical environment, and industrial relations [6]. In this respect, employees who think that their working environment is physically appropriate may experience less burnout as they might do their jobs more comfortably and become more motivated.…”

“…Most of the time, successful individuals who have started their business life with big dreams and ideals report burnout, such that they feel emotionally worn out for varied reasons after a while, lose interest in the business environments they have formerly been sensitive to and their feelings of personal accomplishment decrease [2]. This inevitably leads to a decrease in their performance, loss of respect and sensitivity to the work they do, besides the people they work with and the people they serve, which eventually results in losing their commitment to their work and related setting [5,6].…”