Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Antihypertensive Drugs Amlodipine and Atenolol in Pharmaceuticals Using a Cathodically Pretreated Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode

Abstract

The simultaneous voltammetric determination of antihypertensive drugs amlodipine besylate (AML) and atenolol (ATN) using a cathodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode (CP-BDDE) is reported for the first time. The anodic peak potentials of AML and ATN at a CP-BDDE were found to be 0.727 and 1.32 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3.0 mol L -1 KCl)) in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), respectively, by cyclic voltammetry. It was observed that the CP-BDDE possesses improved performance for the simultaneous determination of AML and ATN when compared to other carbon-based electrodes in these conditions. Using square-wave voltammetric technique, the obtained analytical curves were linear in the concentration range from 2.9-33 µmol L -1 for AML and 9.8-190 µmol L -1 for ATN, with limits of detection of 0.17 and 0.22 µmol L -1 , respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of AML and ATN in pharmaceutical samples.

Simultaneous determination of nifedipine and atenolol in combined dosage forms using a boron-doped diamond electrode with differential pulse voltammetry

“…These pH values were investigated because ATN gives a better electrochemical behavior in pH 7.0, as previously described by Moraes et al 32 The voltammetric response of AP-BDDE for different pH values after the addition of NIF and ATN demonstrates that there is a small difference in the current values for NIF. Already, for ATN, this difference is greater and a higher current oxidation was obtained in pH 8.0, thus it was chosen for further experiments.…”

A Practical Electrochemical Sensor for Atenolol Detection Based on a Graphene Oxide Composite Film Doped with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

“…From these techniques, chromatographic methods are generally complicate, quite expensive, time-consuming and need sample extraction. [21][22] The spectroscopic, potentiometric and titrimetric methods have low sensivity, time consuming and labor intensive. On the other hand, voltammetric techniques may be an alternative in the precise and selective determination of ATE because they are simple, fast, user-friendly, cost-effective and suitable for many matrix complexes such as tablets, syrups, creams and biological samples.…”

“…On the other hand, voltammetric techniques may be an alternative in the precise and selective determination of ATE because they are simple, fast, user-friendly, cost-effective and suitable for many matrix complexes such as tablets, syrups, creams and biological samples. [1,14] From these studies, different types of electrodes have been used for ATE determination such as carbon paste electrode, [4] MgO nanoplatelet modified screen-printed electrodes, [12] C60-modified glassy carbon electrodes, [13] carbon paste electrodes (CPE) modified with mordenite-type zeolite, [16] bare/unmodified boron diamond doped electrodes (BDE), [22] poly(glutamic acid/cysteine/gold nanoparticles modified GCE. [23] However these electrodes introduced high selectivity for quantification of ATE, but the surface fouling, poisoning caused to decrease sensitivity and reproducibility of the electrodes.…”

Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Atenolol and Carvedilol in Pharmaceutical Preparations after Optimization of Parameters using Response Surface Methodology

“…1 Figure 1b) is a potent non-selective β-blocker and is widely used to treat a variety of cardiovascular ailments, including hypertension, heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction following myocardial infarction. 2,3 ATE and CAR have been determined in pure and pharmaceutical preparations using techniques such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), [3][4][5][6] spectrophotometry, [6][7][8][9] electrochemical, [10][11][12][13][14] resonance Rayleigh scattering 15 chemiluminescence 16 and capillary electrophoresis methods. 17 Fluorescence spectrometry due to its low cost as well as great sensitivity and selectivity is widely used in quantitative analysis of different materials such as drugs, [18][19][20][21][22] thus several spectrofluorimetric methods have been proposed for the determination of ATE and CAR in their pharmaceutical preparation.…”