Seleção de Trichogramma spp., para o controle de Ecdytolopha aurantiana, com base na biologia e exigências térmicas

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Biology and thermal requirements to Trichogramma spp. selection for Ecdytolopha aurantiana control. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the potential of Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner, 1983 and T. pretiosum Riley, 1879 as agents of control of Ecdytolopha aurantiana (Lima, 1927) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), an important Citrus pest in São Paulo State (South-East Brazil). In order to provide subsidies to programs of biological control with these parasitoids, studies of biology in different temperatures, thermal requirements and parasitism capacity were carried out. The temperatures (18, 20, 22, 25, 28, 30, and 32ºC) did not affect the sex ratio, however, female longevity of both species was higher at 22 and 25ºC. The temperature of 25°C tended to be more suitable to both emergency rate and female longevity. The egg-adult period for both Trichogramma species was inversely proportional to temperature. The thermal requirements of the two species were very close, about 108 DD (degree days). Neither the natural rearing host, E. aurantiana, nor the alternative host Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller, 1879) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae), affected the number of parasitized eggs per Trichogramma female. The parasitism rate and the number of emerged adults per egg on E. aurantiana eggs were higher than on A. kuehniella eggs. However, the emergency rate was higher when the parasitoids were reared on A. kuehniella eggs. Both Trichogramma species could be tested in the field for citrus fruit borer control. The thermal requirements and the parasitism capacity also could be good parameters for selection of Trichogramma species/strains.

Host preference of the egg parasitoids Telenomus remus and Trichogramma pretiosum in laboratory

“…Nevertheless, host selection cannot be explained simply in relation to the host in which the parasitoid was multiplied. The host preference of females of the genus Trichogramma presents a complex relation with the nutritional quality of the hosts chosen for parasitism and is also related to the host in which the parasitoid was multiplied, as previously observed by Molina et al (2005) and Volpe et al (2006).…”

Biologia e exigências térmicas de Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) em ovos de Diaphania hyalinata L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

“…Molina et al (2005) verificaram que são necessários 6,2 a 23,6 dias para T. atopovirilia completar o seu desenvolvimento em ovos de Ecdytolopha aurantiana (Lima) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) em temperaturas variando de 18°C a 32°C, respectivamente. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo com ovos da praga D. hyalinata são próximos aos encontrados por esses autores.…”

“…Trabalhos análogos a esta pesquisa foram conduzidos por outros autores estudando T. atopovirilia em ovos de outros hospedeiros, como: E. aurantiana (Molina et al 2005), A. kuehniella (Nicoli et al 2004) e Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) (Beserra & Parra 2004).…”

Seletividade de produtos fitossanitários utilizados na cultura do pessegueiro nos estágios imaturos de Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner, 1983 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

“…Uma alternativa a ser incorporada ao manejo integrado da grafolita e da lagarta-das-fruteiras seria a utilização de parasitóide de ovos do gênero Trichogramma. Dentre as espécies deste parasitóide, Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner, 1983 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) está amplamente distribuída na América do Sul e demonstra potencial no controle de tortricídeos como Ecdytolopha aurantiana (Lima, 1927) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (MOLINA et al, 2005) e G. molesta (STEFANELLO JÚNIOR et al, 2002).…”