Salinity and Mulching Effects on Nutrition and Production of Grafted Sour Passion Fruit

Abstract

The Brazilian semiarid region stands out in terms of sour passion fruit production. Local climatic conditions (high air temperature and low rainfall), combined with its soil properties (rich in soluble salts), increase salinity effects on plants. This study was carried out in the experimental area “Macaquinhos” in Remígio-Paraíba (Brazil). The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of mulching on grafted sour passion fruit under irrigation with moderately saline water. The experiment was conducted in split-plots in a 2 × (2 × 2) factorial scheme to evaluate the effects of the combination of irrigation water salinity of 0.5 dS m−1 (control) and 4.5 dS m−1 (main plot), passion fruit propagated by seed and grafted onto Passiflora cincinnata, with and without mulching (subplots), with four replicates and three plants per plot. The foliar Na concentration in grafted plants was 90.9% less than that of plants propagated via seeds; however, it did not affect fruit production. Plastic mulching, by reducing the absorption of toxic salts and promoting greater absorption of nutrients, contributed to greater production of sour passion fruit. Under irrigation with moderately saline water, the plastic film in the soil and seed propagation promote higher production of sour passion fruit.

NPK Accumulation, Physiology, and Production of Sour Passion Fruit under Salt Stress Irrigated with Brackish Water in the Phenological Stages and K Fertilization

“…Unlike the results obtained in this study, Souto et al [ 31 ] concluded that there was an increase in the photosynthesis of yellow passion fruit plants grafted on P. cincinnata , but this was not reflected in fruit yield. In the present research, the reduction in photosynthesis observed in plants subjected to salt stress in T5 in both crop cycles decreased production per plant.…”

“…Furthermore, this macronutrient contributes to the balance of cations and anions in the cytoplasm [ 30 ]. According to [ 31 ], plants that accumulate higher K contents tend to restrict the absorption and transport of toxic ions (Na + and Cl − ) from irrigation water.…”

Foliar Applications of Salicylic Acid on Boosting Salt Stress Tolerance in Sour Passion Fruit in Two Cropping Cycles

“…The excess of salts in irrigation water also induces the inhibition of physiological and metabolic processes, negatively affecting the production components [ 68 ]. Reductions in the production components of sour passion fruits as a function of irrigation water salinity have also been reported in studies conducted by [ 13 , 15 , 39 ].…”

“…Recent studies have shown that irrigation with saline water can compromise the production components of passion fruit and reduce its yield [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. However, the severity of the effect of salt stress on plants depends on other factors, such as genotype, time of exposure to stress, edaphoclimatic conditions of the region, irrigation management, fertilization, and foliar application of elicitor substances [ 3 , 16 ].…”

Application of a Bi-Directional Gated Recurrent Unit Combined with a Recurrent Neural Network Model Based on Fusion Attention Mechanism in Estimating Soil Salinity

“…Soil salinization refers to the accumulation of a large amount of salt and alkali components on the surface of soil under the combined action of natural and human factors, resulting in reduced agricultural production and ecological environment deterioration, leading to large-scale waste of land resources, and has become one of the thorny ecological problems worldwide [1]. According to statistics, over 100 countries and regions worldwide have an area of nearly 1 billion hm2 of land affected by soil salinization [2], accounting for approximately 25% of the total land area of the world [3]. Soil salinization has seriously affected the water absorption capacity of crop roots and soil structure [4], resulting in large-scale farmland degradation and crop yield reduction [5], resulting in a loss of global income of over 32 billion US dollars per year [6].…”