The objective of this review was to systematically synthesize the results of original studies on the association between physical activity and social support in adolescents, published until April 2011. Searches were carried out in Adolec, Eric, Lilacs, Medline, SciELO, Scopus, SportsDiscus and Web of Science electronic databases and the reference lists of selected articles. Searches for articles, data extraction and assessment of methodological quality were conducted independently by two reviewers. In total, 75 articles met inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Most studies were published over the past 6 years (2006-11), conducted in high-income countries, with a cross-sectional design, using subjective measures of physical activity (e.g. questionnaires and recall) and exhibited medium to high methodological quality level. Social support was positive and consistently associated with the physical activity level of adolescents in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Those who received more overall social support as well as support from both parents, friends and family showed higher levels of physical activity. It is concluded that social support is an important factor associated with physical activity level in adolescents and should be targeted in intervention programs that aim to increase physical activity levels in this population group.
ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as características do ambiente das escolas de educação infantil e analisar a associação de fatores ambientais com o nível de atividade física (AF) de crianças pré-escolares. Foi realizado um estudo transversal de base escolar com dados de uma amostra de 1.042 crianças pré-escolares (3 a 5 anos) da cidade do Recife (PE). A seleção dos participantes foi efetuada mediante amostragem por conglomerados em estágio único. Informações sobre o nível de AF foram obtidas através de questionário administrado na forma de entrevista face a face com os pais, enquanto a avaliação do ambiente da escola foi efetuada por meio de um inventário para avaliação ambiental. Cerca de uma em cada quatro crianças apresentaram baixo nível de AF em dias de semana (24,9%; IC95%: 22,5-27,5). Resultados indicaram que em escolas de menor porte (≤100 crianças matriculadas) nenhum dos fatores ambientais avaliados apresentou associação com o nível de AF das crianças em dias de semana. Por outro lado, em escolas de maior porte (>100 crianças), cinco características ambientais foram identificadas como fatores inversamente associados ao nível de AF: oferta de aula de educação física; realização de pelo menos um recreio por dia; AF orientada durante o recreio; permissão para que as crianças tragam brinquedos para brincar no recreio; e oferecimento de AF supervisionada na escola. Concluiu-se que as características ambientais da escola estão associadas à prática de AF em pré-escolares, mas somente a oferta de recreios foi identificada como fator de proteção para baixo nível de AF. Palavras-chaveAtividade motora; Ambiente; Pré-escolar. AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of the preschools' environment and to analyze their association with the physical activity (PA) level of preschoolers. It was a cross-sectional schoolbased study performed with data from a sample of 1,042 preschoolers (3 to 5 years old) from the city of Recife (PE), Brazil. The selection of the participants was performed through a single-stage cluster sampling. PA measurements were gathered by using a questionnaire (face-to-face interview with parents), while data on school environment factors were obtained using an environmental inventory scale. Approximately one of each four children had a low PA level during week days (24.9%; CI95% 22.5, 27.5). Results showed that in small schools (≤100 preschoolers enrolled) none of the environmental factors was associated with the level of PA in children. In contrast, in larger schools (>100 preschoolers), it was observed that five environmental factors were inversely associated with the PA level: physical education classes; school recesses; supervised PA during recess; permission for children bringing toys to play during school intervals; and providing structured PA at school. It was concluded that the schools' environmental characteristics were associated with the practice of PA among preschool children, but only the number of recess offered at school were related to a lower ...
The purpose of this article was to examine the association between health risk behaviors (tobacco, alcohol, and drug use) and psychosocial distress indicators among high school students. The sample consisted of 4,210 adolescent students from public schools in Pernambuco State, Brazil. The Global School-based Student Health Survey was used to collect personal (demographic and socioeconomic) and behavioral data and to obtain measures of psychosocial distress indicators (outcome variables). Prevalence rates were observed for sadness, loneliness, suicidal ideation, sleeplessness due to worries, and suicidal planning. Self-reported prevalence rates for tobacco, alcohol, and drug use were 7.7%, 30.3%, and 6.9%. Psychosocial distress was more prevalent among girls, while health risk behaviors were more common among boys. The study concludes that drug use is directly associated with suicidal ideation and planning, and that among girls, alcohol consumption was associated with psychosocial distress.
The Brazilian semiarid region stands out in terms of sour passion fruit production. Local climatic conditions (high air temperature and low rainfall), combined with its soil properties (rich in soluble salts), increase salinity effects on plants. This study was carried out in the experimental area “Macaquinhos” in Remígio-Paraíba (Brazil). The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of mulching on grafted sour passion fruit under irrigation with moderately saline water. The experiment was conducted in split-plots in a 2 × (2 × 2) factorial scheme to evaluate the effects of the combination of irrigation water salinity of 0.5 dS m−1 (control) and 4.5 dS m−1 (main plot), passion fruit propagated by seed and grafted onto Passiflora cincinnata, with and without mulching (subplots), with four replicates and three plants per plot. The foliar Na concentration in grafted plants was 90.9% less than that of plants propagated via seeds; however, it did not affect fruit production. Plastic mulching, by reducing the absorption of toxic salts and promoting greater absorption of nutrients, contributed to greater production of sour passion fruit. Under irrigation with moderately saline water, the plastic film in the soil and seed propagation promote higher production of sour passion fruit.
OBJETIVOS: identificar a prevalência e fatores associados a indicadores negativos de saúde mental em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: utilizou-se um questionário previamente validado para coletar dados de 4.207 adolescentes (14-19 anos) estudantes do ensino médio, selecionados através de amostragem por conglomerados em dois estágios. RESULTADOS: as prevalências de tristeza, sentimento de solidão, pensamento de suicídio, dificuldade para dormir devido à preocupação e planos de suicídio foram, respectivamente, 29,7%, 15,8%, 11,2%, 10,0% e 7,8%. A prevalência de todos os indicadores foi superior entre as moças, sendo a tristeza o indicador mais prevalente. Identificou-se que a cor da pele não foi um fator associado à ocorrência dos indicadores negativos de saúde mental, enquanto não morar com os pais apresentou associação significativa com sentimento de solidão e pensamento em suicídio. CONCLUSÕES: a prevalência de sentimento de solidão e de tristeza é alta e as moças representam um subgrupo de maior risco em relação a todos os indicadores negativos de saúde mental.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.