2020
DOI: 10.3917/redp.301.0077
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Quite a Visible Hand? State Funding and Primary Education in 19th-century France and Italy

Abstract: tj ; 3Cet article analyse le processus de convergence éducative en France et en Italie, au niveau régional, sur le long XIX e siècle, lorsque les deux systèmes éducatifs répondaient d’une organisation décentralisée. Une nouvelle base de donnée harmonisée sur l’éducation primaire est présentée. Elle inclut des estimations des ratios bruts de scolarisation primaire, des dépenses municipales par enfant en âge scolaire et des aides publiques des départements français et des provinces italiennes. L’analyse montre q… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…Figure 1 depicts the number of pupils attending primary schools in 1833, which reveals the strong geographical division of France as regards education. This pattern remained quite stable during most of the nineteenth century in France, even if a convergence in educational attainment was already at work before the Ferry Laws of 1881-1882 [Diebolt et al, 2005], [Cappelli, 2020], which made primary schooling compulsory. The number of children schooled per 10 000 inhabitants, for example, still followed closely the geographical distribution described in the mid-1850s and mid-1860s.…”
Section: Lawmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Figure 1 depicts the number of pupils attending primary schools in 1833, which reveals the strong geographical division of France as regards education. This pattern remained quite stable during most of the nineteenth century in France, even if a convergence in educational attainment was already at work before the Ferry Laws of 1881-1882 [Diebolt et al, 2005], [Cappelli, 2020], which made primary schooling compulsory. The number of children schooled per 10 000 inhabitants, for example, still followed closely the geographical distribution described in the mid-1850s and mid-1860s.…”
Section: Lawmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Los factores influyentes para Europa se encuentran tanto en la oferta como en la demanda educativa. Para Italia, investigaciones resaltan el atraso relativo y las heterogeneidades regionales, que disminuyen paulatinamente a partir de la primera década del siglo xx (Cappelli, 2020;Cappelli y Vasta, 2021). La disminución se explica por la emergencia de la reforma Daneo-Credano de 1911, donde el Estado centralizó la Administración educativa, compensado disparidades fiscales municipales en la provisión de escuelas (Cappelli, 2015) y, además, reduciendo brechas de género en la matriculación (Cappelli y Vasta, 2021) debido a la feminización de la docencia (Cappelli y Quiroga, 2021).…”
Section: Tablaunclassified
“…The role of the national government is of great importance in ensuring mass education (Newland 1994; Engerman et al . 2009; Teng 2019; Cappelli 2020). It seems to have been critical in the expansion of rural education in Colombia after the late 20 th century.…”
Section: The Long Path To Inequalitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, the elite may feed the elitist bias by, among other things, shaping or controlling those who run the country, that is, the national government, whose role has proved to be of great importance for mass education (Newland 1994; Engerman et al . 2009; Teng 2019; Cappelli 2020). National governments decide policies, programmes and norms for educational funding, teachers, establishments and quality.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%