Prevalence and Trends of Obesity and Association with Socioeconomic Status in Thai Adults: National Health Examination Surveys, 1991–2009

Aekplakorn, Wichai; Inthawong, Rungkarn; Kessomboon, Pattapong; Sangthong, Rassamee; Chariyalertsak, Suwat; Putwatana, Panwadee; Taneepanichskul, Surasak

doi:10.1155/2014/410259

Cited by 69 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Compared with primary education, the odds of obesity [range I] were higher in men with university education. For women, the association was inverse, the odds of obesity ranges I and II were higher in those with primary education [54]. In Northeast China, a representative sample of 25,196 adults was evaluated.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Abdominal Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Abdominal Obesity

Olinto¹,

Theodoro²,

Canuto³

2017

Adiposity - Epidemiology and Treatment Modalities

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Abdominal obesity (AO) is associated with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. AO is a multifactorial disorder arising from genetic, environmental, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors. Thus, in this chapter, we devote ourselves to the exercise of trying to explain the epidemiology of AO in adults. We showed the increasing prevalence of AO around the world, and a gender difference in this determination was observed. Among women, the population group who is the most affected by AO, a higher prevalence of AO is observed in individuals living in low-or middle-income countries (LMIC), who are older, multiparous, and in the menopausal transition, and who belong to the poorest strata and have lower educational level. While among men, the risk of AO is positively associated with socioeconomic status, particularly in LMIC. Regarding behavioral factors (eating frequency, sleep duration, physical activity, and smoking), gender differences are difficult to be detected due to the lack of studies investigating their association with AO according to sex. However, the current evidence suggests that men benefit more from consuming a greater number of meals a day and women are more affected by the harmful effects of physical inactivity. We argued AO, despite biological conditions associated with behavior factors, should be examined as an important issue of gender inequality in health, possibly mediated by socioeconomic and behavioral differences between men and women.

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Section: Prevalence Of Abdominal Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Abdominal Obesity

Olinto¹,

Theodoro²,

Canuto³

2017

Adiposity - Epidemiology and Treatment Modalities

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“…In addition, the rate of obesity has been rising. In 2008-2009, 34.7 % of the population aged 15 and older were found to be overweight or obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 ), with a steadily increasing trend since 1991 of approximately 0.95 kg/m 2 per decade [48].…”

Section: Situations and Factors Affecting Health And Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes in Thailand: Status and Policy

Reutrakul

Deerochanawong

2016

Curr Diab Rep

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Like other countries in the Western Pacific region, Thailand is facing increasing numbers of patients with diabetes due to unhealthy diets, high obesity rates, and an aging society. Diabetes is a considerable burden for developing countries as it reduces quality of life, increases mortality, and drives up healthcare costs. The disease detection rate in Thailand has improved in recent years, but glycemic control remains suboptimal and significant numbers of patients suffer from complications. Universal healthcare coverage has increased access to care, but inequality exists between different health plans and non-medication diabetes supplies are not yet widely covered. Diabetes self-management education has not yet been standardized and a multidisciplinary team approach is not widely utilized. The Thai government recognizes the burden of diabetes and has launched nationwide programs of health promotion and disease prevention. In addition, local initiatives have targeted reductions in specific complications, including retinopathy and diabetic foot problems, which has resulted in better disease prevention and treatment. Along with strategic public health planning, increased collaboration between private and public sectors, enhanced professional training, increased use of technology and data management, and equitable distribution of care are all needed to improve outcomes of patients with diabetes in Thailand.

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“…Obesity is rising (Aekplakorn et al, 2014;Seubsman et al, 2010) and related chronic diseases, especially CVD (Putadechakum, 2014), diabetes (Aekplakorn et al, 2011;Papier et al, 2016) and kidney disease (Thawornchaisit et al, 2015), are all increasing. Instant food is replacing traditional diets (Rimpeekool et al, 2017) as people migrate from rural to urban environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-Risk Transition and 8-Year Hypertension Incidence in a Nationwide Thai Cohort Study

Thawornchaisit¹,

Looze²,

Reid³

et al. 2018

GJHS

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Objective: Rapid economic growth is transforming Thailand into a middle-income country. Also emerging are chronic diseases particularly hypertension, diabetes mellitus and kidney disease. There are few studies of the incidence of hypertension. We analyse the effect on 8-year incidence of hypertension of transitional health-risk factors including demography, socioeconomic status (SES), body mass index (BMI), sedentariness, physical activity, underlying diseases, personal behaviours, food, fruit and vegetable consumption. Design and Methods:Health-risk factors and their effects on the incidence of hypertension were evaluated prospectively in the national Thai Cohort Study from 2005 to 2013. All data were derived from 40,548 Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University students returning mail-based questionnaire surveys in both 2005 and 2013. Adjusted relative risks of association between each risk factor and incidence of hypertension were calculated after controlling for confounding factors. Results:In Thailand, the 8-year incidence of hypertension was 5.1% (men 7.1%, women 3.6%). Hypertension was associated with ageing, higher BMI, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, high lipids, SES, lower education level, lower household asset, physical inactivity, smoking, instant food intake and soft drink. Sex, having a partner, urbanization and sedentary habits had no influence on hypertension. Conclusion:In Thailand, hypertension is becoming a serious risk factor for chronic disease with a wide array of associations with modern life. As Thailand's socio-economy develops the health-risk transition will further impact on population health. Thais should be encouraged by government policy to consume less instant food, maintain normal BMI, increased physical activity, stop smoking and consume less soft drink.

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Prevalence and Trends of Obesity and Association with Socioeconomic Status in Thai Adults: National Health Examination Surveys, 1991–2009

Cited by 69 publications

References 18 publications

Epidemiology of Abdominal Obesity

Epidemiology of Abdominal Obesity

Diabetes in Thailand: Status and Policy

Health-Risk Transition and 8-Year Hypertension Incidence in a Nationwide Thai Cohort Study

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