Diabetes in Thailand: Status and Policy

Reutrakul, Sirimon; Deerochanawong, Chaicharn

doi:10.1007/s11892-016-0725-7

Cited by 41 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We also found that T2DM patients with CKD were more likely to have diabetes-related complications including ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetic retinopathy, and albuminuria than those without CKD. Taken together, these figures are in line with previous nationwide reports in Thailand 26 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Care Practice

Jitraknatee

Ruengorn

Nochaiwong

2020

Sci Rep

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This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among 1,096 primary care type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients in northern Thailand between October 2016 and September 2017. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular rate filtration values of <60 mL/ min/1.73 m 2 . Prevalence with confidence intervals across CKD advanced stages 3-5 were estimated. Factors associated with CKD were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression. The overall prevalence of CKD was 24.4% (21.9-27.0), with severities of 11.4% (9.7-13.4), 6.8% (5.5-8.5), 4.6% (3.5-6.0), and 1.6% (1.0-2.5) for stages 3 A, 3B, 4, and 5, respectively. Regarding age and glycaemic control, individuals older than 75 years and those with a haemoglobin A1c ≥ 8% had the highest prevalence of 61.3% (51.7-70.1) and 38.6% (34.3-43.2), respectively. The multivariable logistic regression model explained 87.3% of the probability of CKD. The six independent significant risk factors of CKD were older age, retinopathy, albuminuria, haemoglobin A1c ≥ 7%, anaemia, and uric acid>7.5 mg/dL. A relatively high prevalence of CKD, especially in older patients and those with diabetic complications-related to poor glycaemic control, was encountered in this primary care practice. Early identification may help to target optimise care and prevention programs for CKD among T2DM patients.Globally, the total number of people with diabetes is estimated to increase from 415 million (8.8%) in 2015 to 642 million (10.4%) in 2040, with the largest alterations expected to occur in the urban population of low-to middle-income countries (LMICs) 1 . Of them, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for more than 90% of people with diabetes 2,3 . By 2040, the difference worldwide is projected to broaden, with 477.9 million affected people living in urban areas and 163.9 million in rural areas 1 . It has been postulated that the burden of diabetes and its complications in the LMICs may be contributed by the economic development and rapid urbanisation via increased caloric intake and the adoption of a sedentary lifestyle 2,4,5 . More importantly, the most striking demographic change to diabetes prevalence in global terms also seems to be related to the growth of the proportion of the elderly population 6 .Despite rates of diabetes-related complications such as cardiovascular disease decreasing significantly in the past two decades, it has not translated nearly as well as kidney complications 7 . Approximately 10% of deaths in people with T2DM are attributable to kidney failure 8 . It is well-established that diabetes-related chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in T2DM patients worldwide 9,10 . In the United States, 2013-2016, approximately 36% of patients with diabetes develop diabetic kidney disease resulting in persistent albuminuria, a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), or both 11 . Interestingly, the risk of diabetes-related CKD is observed much higher in Asian countries than ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Care Practice

Jitraknatee

Ruengorn

Nochaiwong

2020

Sci Rep

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“…Examples of Thai self-management practices include timely intake of medications, healthy eating, care of skin and feet, and engaging in regular physical exercise. Although the results are positive, diabetes selfmanagement education has not as yet been standardized and a multidisciplinary team approach is not widely utilized [26] within Thai communities.…”

Section: Diabetes Self-management In Thailandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized controlled trial of a family-oriented self-management program to improve self-efficacy, glycemic control and quality of life among Thai individuals with Type 2 diabetes

Wichit

Mnatzaganian

Courtney

et al. 2017

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

109

176

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“…According to the Bureau of Policy and Strategy, the Ministry of Public Health in 2008 there was a continually increasing rate of diabetes patients reporting at hospitals during 1998 to 2008. A survey conducted by the National Health Security Office (NHSO) showed that only 35.6 % of the diabetes patients met the glycemic goal of HbA1c < 7% in 2014 (4,5) (6)(7)(8). Diabetic patients with lower health literacy tend to have less ability to control their blood glucose level as they do not understand health-related suggestions given by their doctors, resulting in less appropriate behavior in taking good care to their health (9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Literacy Among Thai Elderly Population With Type-2 Diabetes Living in Rural Area of Thailand

Prabsangob

Somrongthong

Kumar

2018

PJPH

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Background: According to the World Health Organization, health literacy represents the cognitive and social skills, which determine the motivation and ability of individuals to gain access to, understand and use information in ways that promote and maintain good health with positive impact on health outcome. Objective: This study aimed to describe the situation of health literacy among Thai elders with type-2 diabetes in a rural Thai community. Methods: We conducted this mix-method study including quantitative and qualitative research approach was used through validated and reliable questionnaire adapted from Ishikawa. We did purposive sampling of 277 participants for quantitative, and conducted 12 in-depth interviews. Study was ethically approved from Chulalongkorn University Thailand. Results: The average age of the participants was 68.62 years. The majority of them had income less than 5,001 Bath, and highest education level at elementary school. Most of them had been diagnosed with DM more than one year (ranged 1-56 years, average 10.05 years). The respondents had fair overall health literacy. Upon consideration as an aspect basis, the mean score of functional health literacy was 3.07 from 4.00, the interactive health literacy was 2.28, and the critical health literacy was 2.41. From the perspective of patients and caregivers, most patients received health-related information from public health officials. They do not like to talk to other diabetes patients about their diabetes. Most patients wanted to have someone who was willing to listen to their problem and help them solve it. Conclusion: Study has concluded that the health literacy among Thai population suffering with diabetes was very poor and not found as per standards that need to be intervened.

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Diabetes in Thailand: Status and Policy

Cited by 41 publications

References 21 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Care Practice

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Care Practice

Randomized controlled trial of a family-oriented self-management program to improve self-efficacy, glycemic control and quality of life among Thai individuals with Type 2 diabetes

Health Literacy Among Thai Elderly Population With Type-2 Diabetes Living in Rural Area of Thailand

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