Preparing of monodisperse and cation-charged polystyrene particles stabilized with polymerizable quarternary ammonium by dispersion polymerization in a methanol–water medium

Zhang, Fen; Bai, Yaowen; Ma, Yuhong; Yang, Wantai

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2009.02.040

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[15] Interestingly, it was found that DMC was very effective, as little as 0.025 wt.-% (based on styrene) can produce stable monodisperse PS latex with a certain amount of water in the reaction medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Monodisperse and Anion‐Charged Polystyrene Microspheres Stabilized with Polymerizable Sodium Styrene Sulfonate by Dispersion Polymerization

Zhang

Cao

Yang

2010

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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A novel dispersion polymerization system to produce “clean” polystyrene (PS) particles, using a polymerizable sodium styrene sulfonate (NaSS) as stabilizer, and a mixture of methanol/water (MeOH/H2O) as the reaction medium was investigated. The effects of the polymerization parameters, such as the methanol/water ratio in the medium, the concentration of the stabilizer, the initiator and the monomer on the resulting particles were studied. By observing the morphological changes of the PS particles by SEM and analyzing the surface chemical composition of these particles by XPS, it is found that this system had the following unique features: as little as 0.05 wt.‐% of NaSS (based on styrene as opposed to 5 wt.‐% for a routine dispersion polymerization system) was enough to prepare stable latex with monodisperse particles; as high as 20 vol.‐% of monomer (as opposed to 5 wt.‐% for polymerization system in the absence of surfactants) could be added into the polymerization system to produce monodisperse particles; surface‐charged and monodisperse particles with average diameters of approximately 470–1600 nm could be directly obtained.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Monodisperse and Anion‐Charged Polystyrene Microspheres Stabilized with Polymerizable Sodium Styrene Sulfonate by Dispersion Polymerization

Zhang

Cao

Yang

2010

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…As small surfactant and amphiphillic organic molecules retain their importance as in‐situ capping agents sometimes it is possible that initially the chemical synthesis of nanoparticles is carried out with such capping agents and later they are replaced with the polymerizable ligands by the ligand exchange methods . Sometimes the synthesis of bare nanoparticles is carried out and later a suitable polymerizable stabilizer is attached to the particles.…”

Section: Stabilization Of Nanoparticles With Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerizable Ligands as Stabilizers for Nanoparticles

Jadhav

Brunella

Scalarone

2014

Part. Part. Syst. Charact.

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Monomers bearing functional groups that can get chemisorbed on nanoparticles to form polymerizable monolayers have emerged as an interesting class of stabilizer ligands for various nanoparticles. High‐surface coverage, their ability to modify the properties of underlying nanoparticles, capability to form polymers of different molecular weights and possibility to make structural modifications make them attractive for their use as stabilizer ligands for nanoparticles. Both in situ and post‐synthesis grafting methods for attaching polymerizable ligands to nanoparticles are frequently used. The advantage of grafting polymerizable stabilizer on the surface of nanoparticles is that initially the polymerizable molecule acts as a proper stabilizer for the nanoparticles and later their surface polymerization or co‐polymerization with another suitable monomer can be carried out to generate the desired polymer scaffold around the nanoparticles, which ensures the increased stability of the resulting core‐polymerized shell nanoparticles. This review discusses interesting reports from recent literature on grafting of polymerizable ligands and their polymerization on gold, silver, silica, and iron oxide nanoparticles.

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“…In the past few decades, the mechanism of emulsifier‐free emulsion polymerization has been widely investigated for almost all the factors that possibly have an effect on the polymerization behavior 15. Several models of the particle formation mechanism like micelle nucleation, homogeneous nucleation and droplet mechanisms have been postulated 15, 18, 22. The mechanism of soap‐free emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of a functional co‐monomer is quite complex.…”

Section: Synthetic Routes To Cationic Polymer Latex Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress on the preparation and application of monodisperse cationic polymer latex particles

Liu

Duan

et al. 2012

Polymer International

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This review is focused on the features, preparation and applications of uniform cationic polymer latex particles, as well as on the formation mechanism of uniform latex particles. Substantial progress in the size and shape control of polymer latex particles has been made using several methods such as dispersion polymerization, conventional emulsion polymerization, surfactant‐free emulsion polymerization and seeded emulsion polymerization. Uniform cationic polymer latex particles have wide applications such as drug carriers, diagnostics, templates and additives. However, two major problems are the inhomogeneous size and low surface charge density, which limit further functionalization and the application of cationic polymer latex particles. Finally, the future trends and perspectives are described. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry

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Preparing of monodisperse and cation-charged polystyrene particles stabilized with polymerizable quarternary ammonium by dispersion polymerization in a methanol–water medium

Cited by 36 publications

References 32 publications

Preparation of Monodisperse and Anion‐Charged Polystyrene Microspheres Stabilized with Polymerizable Sodium Styrene Sulfonate by Dispersion Polymerization

Preparation of Monodisperse and Anion‐Charged Polystyrene Microspheres Stabilized with Polymerizable Sodium Styrene Sulfonate by Dispersion Polymerization

Polymerizable Ligands as Stabilizers for Nanoparticles

Research progress on the preparation and application of monodisperse cationic polymer latex particles

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