Pontibacter xinjiangensis sp. nov., in the phylum ‘Bacteroidetes’, and reclassification of [Effluviibacter] roseus as Pontibacter roseus comb. nov.

Abstract

A novel strain, designated 311-10 T , isolated from soil of Xinjiang, China, was characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The isolate was Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive. The predominant menaquinone of strain 311-10 T was MK-7 and the genomic DNA G+C content was 47.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the isolate formed a cluster with the genera Pontibacter and [Effluviibacter] in the phylum 'Bacteroidetes', with sequence similarities of 93.9-95.6 %. Phylogenetic evidence and the results of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses support the reclassification of [Effluviibacter] roseus as Pontibacter roseus comb. nov. (type strain, SRC-1 T 5MTCC 7260 T 5DSM 17521 T ) and the establishment of a novel species, Pontibacter xinjiangensis sp. nov., with strain 311-10 T (5CCTCC AB 207200 T 5NRRL B-51335 T ) as the type strain.The genus Pontibacter, a member of the phylum 'Bacteroidetes' with menaquinone 7 (MK-7) as the main respiratory quinone, accommodates heterotrophic, aerobic, rod-shaped, Gram-negative and pink-pigmented bacteria. At the time of writing, Pontibacter species with validly published names comprise Pontibacter actiniarum, isolated from marine actinians (Nedashkovskaya et al., 2005), and Pontibacter akesuensis (Zhou et al., 2007) During the course of studying the bacterial communities associated with soil in Xinjiang, China, bacterial strain 311-10 T was isolated. The strain appeared as pinkpigmented, circular, convex, shiny colonies with a smooth surface after 48 h cultivation at 30 uC on 0.36 marine agar 2216 (MA; Difco). After primary isolation and purification, the novel strain was cultivated at 30 u C for 2 days on 0.36 MA and cellular morphology was observed by phasecontrast microscopy (Olympus). Except where indicated, the isolate was routinely grown aerobically on 0.36 MA for 2 days at 30 u C.The gliding-motility test was performed as described by Bowman (2000). Oxidase activity was evaluated via the oxidation of 1 % p-aminodimethylaniline oxalate. Catalase activity was determined by measurements of bubble production after the application of 3 % (v/v) hydrogen peroxide solution. Tests were also made for hydrolysis of starch (1 %, w/v), cellulose (0.1 %, w/v), chitin from crab shells (1 %, w/v), casein (5 %, w/v) and tyrosine (0.5 %, w/v) as described by Smibert & Krieg (1994). Tolerance of NaCl concentrations (0-6 %, w/v) was determined at 1 % NaCl increments. Growth was examined at different temperatures (4, 10, 20, 28, 30, 37 and 42 u C) and pH values (5.0-11.0 at 1.0 pH unit increments).Carbon-source oxidation was investigated by using the Biolog GN2 Microplate system as recommended by the manufacturer. Additional enzyme activities and biochemical features were determined by API kits (API 20NE, API 20E and API ZYM) according to the manufacturer's instructions (bioMérieux).Isoprenoid quinones were extracted from lyophilized cells and analysed by HPLC (UltiMate 3000; Dionex...

Pontibacter niistensis sp. nov., isolated from forest soil

“…Nedashkovskaya et al (2005), Zhou et al (2007), Zhang et al (2008), Wang et al (2010), Suresh et al (2006) and this study and were obtained under identical growth conditions except for data in columns 5 and 6. +, Positive; 2, negative; ND, no data available.…”

“…At the time of writing, the genus Pontibacter comprises five species with validly published names: Pontibacter actiniarum, the type species (Nedashkovskaya et al, 2005), Pontibacter akesuensis, Pontibacter korlensis and Pontibacter xinjiangensis (Zhou et al, 2007;Zhang et al 2008;Wang et al, 2010) and Pontibacter roseus, resulting from the recent reclassification of Effluviibacter roseus (Suresh et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2010). The type strains of recognized species of the genus are Gram-negative, aerobic, heterotrophic, pink-pigmented bacteria and have been isolated from a marine actinian, desert soil, other soils and muddy water.…”

Pontibacter ruber sp. nov. and Pontibacter deserti sp. nov., isolated from the desert

“…Starch, gelatin and chitin are not hydrolysed, while casein is hydrolysed. (Zhou et al, 2007); 9, P. niistensis NII-0909 T (Dastager et al, 2010); 10, P. ramchanderi LP43 T (Singh et al, 2013b); 11, Pontibacter xinjiangensis 311-10 T (Wang et al, 2010); 12, Pontibacter saemangeumensis GCM0142 T (Kang et al, 2013); 13, Pontibacter toksunensis ZLD-7 T (Zhang et al, 2013); 14, Pontibacter indicus LP100 T (Singh et al, 2013a). Phosphatydylethanolamine is the major polar lipid of all strains; all strains are positive for catalase; all strains are negative for denitrification activity.…”

Pontibacter amylolyticus sp. nov., isolated from a deep-sea sediment hydrothermal vent field

“…At the time of writing, the genus Pontibacter comprised 20 species with validly published names. Members of the genus Pontibacter have been isolated from an actinian (Nedashkovskaya et al, 2005), seawater (Kang et al, 2013), a solar saltern (Subhash et al, 2013), a drainage system (Suresh et al, 2006), soils (Dastager et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2010;Xu et al, 2012;Cao et al, 2014;Dai et al, 2014;Srinivasan et al, 2014), hexachlorocyclohexanecontaminated soils (Dwivedi et al, 2013;Singh et al, 2013Singh et al, , 2014Singh et al, , 2015, and desert soils or sands Zhang et al, 2008Zhang et al, , 2013Subhash et al, 2014;Xu et al, 2014). Three additional species, 'Pontibacter salisaro' (Joung et al, 2011), 'Pontibacter rhizosphera' (Raichand et al, 2011) and 'Pontibacter jeungdoensis' (Joung et al, 2013) have been described; however, the names had not validly published as of September 2015.…”