Oral l‐glutamine administration attenuated cutaneous wound healing in Wistar rats

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the wound healing potential of L-glutamine in laboratory rats using excision and incision wound models. Excision wounds of size 500 mm(2) and depth 2 mm were made on the dorsal portion of male Wistar rats (230-250 g) and were used for the study of oral L-glutamine (1 g/kg) treatment on the rate of contraction of wound and epithelisation. Histological evaluation of wound tissue was also performed. Six-centimetre-long two linear-paravertebral incisions in male Wistar rats (230-250 g) were used to study the effect of L-glutamine (1 g/kg, p.o.) treatment on tensile strength, total protein and hydroxyproline content in the incision model. Oral administration of L-glutamine (1 g/kg) significantly decreased wound area, epithelisation period and wound index, whereas the rate of wound contraction significantly increased (P < 0·001) when compared with vehicle control rats in the excision wound model. Tensile strength, hydroxyproline content and protein level were significantly increased (P < 0·001) in L-glutamine (1 g/kg, p.o.)-treated rats when compared with vehicle control rats in the incision wound model. Histological evaluation of wound tissue from L-glutamine (1 g/kg, p.o.)-treated rats showed complete epithelialisation with new blood vessel formation and high fibrous tissues in the excision wound model. In conclusion, oral administration of l-glutamine (1 g/kg) promotes wound healing by acting on various stages of wound healing such as collagen synthesis, wound contraction and epithelialisation.

Wound healing potential of naringin ointment formulation via regulating the expression of inflammatory, apoptotic and growth mediators in experimental rats

“…The process of healing essentially depends on the repairing capability of tissue along with the degree of damage and existing vigor of the tissue. No single method is adequate to represent the wound healing process (Goswami et al, 2014). Hence, incision and excision wound models are wellestablished and reproducible animal models that are used regularly in preclinical studies for drugs in wound healing Patil et al, 2011).…”

“…protein and collagen synthesis and increased stability of biomembranes (Goswami et al, 2014). Hence, excision and incision models were utilized to evaluate the healing efficacy of naringin ointments in terms of wound contraction, tensile strength, and hydroxyproline content.…”

“…Collagen is, therefore, considered as the predominant extracellular protein synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of fibroblast cells. Hydroxylation of proline and lysine is important for collagen synthesis, and it occurs with the help of various co-factors such as iron, copper, and vitamin C (Goswami et al, 2014). The increase in the collagen synthesis is determined by the estimation of hydroxyproline content in granulation tissue.…”

“…Wound healing is an intricate process which involves an array of biochemical and cellular processes (Goswami et al, 2014). Healing of wounds is necessary for survival and it represents an attempt to maintain normal anatomical structure and function (Bhat et al, 2007).…”

“…Whereas a chronic wound is defined as one that is physiologically impaired (Golinko et al, 2009) and when this process is tainted or subdued, a chronic wound may develop disorders such as peripheral artery disease, diabetes, venous insufficiency, nutritional deficiencies, and other disease states (Diegelmann & Evans, 2004;Shivakumar et al, 2014). Chronic ulceration pedestrian affects the lower extremities with a prevalence that ranges between 0.18 and 1.3% in the adult population (Goswami et al, 2014).…”