Of mixtures in the system of fodder production of the Republic of Tatarstan

Mukhamadiev, Rustem; Nizamov, Rustam; Маликов, М. М.

doi:10.12737/article_5a5f049c9a5b93.89385750

Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University

2018

DOI: 10.12737/article_5a5f049c9a5b93.89385750

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Of mixtures in the system of fodder production of the Republic of Tatarstan

Rustem Mukhamadiev¹,

Rustam Nizamov²,

М. М. Маликов³

Abstract: УДК 636.085.12 КОРМОСМЕСИ В СИСТЕМЕ КОРМОПРОИЗВОДСТВА РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН Мухамадиев Р.Х., Низамов Р.М., Маликов М.М. Реферат. Смешанные посевы однолетних кормовых культур являются одним из главных ры-чагов сбалансирования животноводческих кормов, в то же время повышение их урожайности и качества остается актуальной задачей. В связи с этим, нами с 2011 по 2013 гг. были проведены полевые опыты с данными культурами. Так, впервые в почвенно-климатических условиях Рес-публики Татарстан на объекте исследования был… Show more

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Optimal Methods of Forage Crops of Crops on the Calculated Background of Mineral Nutrition in the Soil-Climatic Conditions of Forest-Steppe of the Middle Volga

Сафин¹,

Amirov²,

Сулейманов³

et al. 2018

Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University

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A powerful factor in increasing the yield of feed mixtures is the use of mineral fertilizers. On average, over 4 years of research, the yield of green mass increases from 13.8 tons per hectare at the control (without fertilizers) to 27.4 tons per hectare (almost 2 times). However, the effectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers depends on how the sunflower and annual herbs are placed in space. Thus, on all backgrounds of mineral nutrition, the highest yield of green mass was obtained by sowing sunflower and annual herbs in separate strips with strip widths of 180 cm: N85P38K46 - 28.2 tons per hectare; N99P44K54 - 32.9 tons per hectare; N113P51K61 - 34.2 tons per hectare. In the same conditions, both narrowing the bands to 90 cm and expanding to 360 cm reduce the yield of the object of study. Mineral fertilizers also have a great influence on the gross yield of raw fat (an increase of 2.8 times), feed units - from 2,562 to 3,904, crude protein - 1.9 times, exchange energy - 2.4 times. As a result, the payback of each ruble of the cost of mineral fertilizers provides for the production of 1.5 rubles, and the bioenergy coefficient increases to 4.4, versus 2.2 for mixed sowing of sunflower and annual herbs.

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Optimal Methods of Forage Crops of Crops on the Calculated Background of Mineral Nutrition in the Soil-Climatic Conditions of Forest-Steppe of the Middle Volga

Сафин¹,

Amirov²,

Сулейманов³

et al. 2018

Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University

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Influence of the Mineral Nutrition Level on the Productivity of Cereal and Leguminous Agrocenoses in the Forest Steppe of Baikal

Agafonov¹,

Бояркин²,

Boyarkin³

2019

Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University

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The article presents findings of the influence of different levels of mineral nutrition on plant growth and development, the impact of fertilizers on the botanical composition, on the productivity and forage benefits of cereal-bean agrocenoses in the forest-steppe zone of the Baikal region. The objects of research were mixed crops of oats with peas and millet with vetch, peas, and Austrian winter pea. Legumes are the main source of protein increase in feed. In the field, the most widespread, among legumes, were vetch, sowing peas, field peas (Austrian winter pea). As a result of phenological observations, it was found that the growth and development of plants depended on the biological characteristics of crops, weather conditions and directly on the mineral nutrition level. The millet reacted most effectively to the application of mineral fertilizers, starting from the exit phase into the tube. The introduction of mineral fertilizers in pre-sowing tillage contributed to an increase in the proportion of legume components in the total green mass yield and a decrease in cereals. The highest competition in agrocenoses of millet with legume components was vetch, its share in the mixture increased, compared to the unfertilized background, by 6 and 14.5%, depending on the background of fertilizers. It was found that, compared with the unfertilized background, mineral fertilizers increased the yield of green mass from 1.5 to 4.9 tons per hectare, the collection of dry matter from 0.4 to 2.0 tons per hectare and the collection of feed units from 0.3 to 1.3 tons per hectare. Digestible protein content in 1 unit increased with the introduction of nitrogen fertilizer (N45), depending on the type of components in the mixture, from 3.2 to 6.6 g, and with the introduction of complex mineral fertilizer (N45P30K30) from 2.5 to 9.6 g. All are millet-bean mixtures at all levels of mineral nutrition comply with zootechnical standards.

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Influence of sowing dates and backgrounds of mineral fertilizers on the productivity of sorghum in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region

Nafikov

Khismatullin

Shashkarov³

2023

Agrarnaâ nauka

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Relevance. The forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region is most susceptible to the influence of summer droughts. Forage crops in the study area due to lack of moisture in the second half of the growing season often form insufficient yields. Sorghum crops, in particular sugar sorghum, due to their heat and drought resistance, deserve to take a place in the field fodder crop rotations.Methods. To conduct research in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region at different sowing dates and norms of mineral nutrition, two-factor experiments were laid. Factor A — sowing dates: I — May 10; II — May 20; III — May 30. Factor B — mineral fertilizers: without fertilizers (control); N60P60К60; N80P80K80.Results. It was revealed that the timing of sowing and the background of mineral nutrition had an impact on the formation of the leaf surface, plant height, the dynamics of their density, and on the formation of the crop. The leaf surface was from 32.4 to 38.3 thousand m2/ha on an unfertilized background in the booting phase, on an average background — 34–37.0 in the flowering phase, on a high background — 51.9–55.0 thousand m2/ha before harvesting. A similar situation was observed in terms of plant height and tillering of plants. When using N60P60К60 the duration of the growing season averaged 113 days over three years, which is 9 days more than in the control. The variant of the mineral background N80P80K80 increased the vegetation period by 15 days compared to the non-fertilized variant of the experiment. The creation of a background of mineral nutrition N60P60К60 in the second term of sowing sorghum made it possible to obtain an increase in the yield of fodder mass from 6.6 to 8.0 t/ha. The application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N80P80K80 provided an increase in yield from 10.8 to 15.4 t/ha.

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Of mixtures in the system of fodder production of the Republic of Tatarstan

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Optimal Methods of Forage Crops of Crops on the Calculated Background of Mineral Nutrition in the Soil-Climatic Conditions of Forest-Steppe of the Middle Volga

Optimal Methods of Forage Crops of Crops on the Calculated Background of Mineral Nutrition in the Soil-Climatic Conditions of Forest-Steppe of the Middle Volga

Influence of the Mineral Nutrition Level on the Productivity of Cereal and Leguminous Agrocenoses in the Forest Steppe of Baikal

Influence of sowing dates and backgrounds of mineral fertilizers on the productivity of sorghum in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region

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