New adipokines vaspin and omentin. Circulating levels and gene expression in adipose tissue from morbidly obese women

Abstract

BackgroundVaspin and omentin are recently described molecules that belong to the adipokine family and seem to be related to metabolic risk factors. The objectives of this study were twofold: to evaluate vaspin and omentin circulating levels and mRNA expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues in non-diabetic morbidly obese women; and to assess the relationship of vaspin and omentin with anthropometric and metabolic parameters, and other adipo/cytokines.DesignWe analysed vaspin and omentin circulating levels in 71 women of European descent (40 morbidly obese [BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2] and 31 lean [BMI ≤ 25]). We assessed vaspin and omentin gene expression in paired samples of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue from 46 women: 40 morbidly obese and 6 lean. We determined serum vaspin and plasma omentin levels with an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and adipose tissue mRNA expression by real time RT-PCR.ResultsSerum vaspin levels in the morbidly obese were not significantly different from those in controls. They correlated inversely with levels of lipocalin 2 and interleukin 6. Vaspin mRNA expression was significantly higher in the morbidly obese, in both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue.Plasma omentin levels were significantly lower in the morbidly obese and they correlated inversely with glucidic metabolism parameters. Omentin circulating levels, then, correlated inversely with the metabolic syndrome (MS). Omentin expression in visceral adipose tissue was significantly lower in morbidly obese women than in controls.ConclusionsThe present study indicates that vaspin may have a compensatory role in the underlying inflammation of obesity. Decreased omentin circulating levels have a close association with MS in morbidly obese women.

The levels of visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin, omentin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the gingival crevicular fluid of obese patients following periodontal therapy

“…In the present study, omentin-1 levels in GCF were downregulated in both CP and obese patients. Similar to our biochemical findings, circulating omentin concentrations were lower in obese individuals (18,50). This supports our finding that omentin is negatively influenced by inflammatory processes.…”

Vaspin mRNA levels in the liver of morbidly obese women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

“…Unfortunately, when adipose tissue continuestoextend,vaspinalterationmaybemoreharmful than beneficial. These suggestions may be supportedbythestudybyAuguetet al,whofoundvaspin mRNAlevelstobesignificantlyhigherinbothvisceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue in morbidly obese compared to healthy lean women, but there wasnodifferenceinserumvaspinlevels [38].Additionally,hepaticvaspinexpressionmaynotcorrelate with its systemic levels and may be associated with paracrineorautocrineactionintheliver.…”

The association of vaspin rs2236242 and leptin rs7799039 polymorphism with metabolic syndrome in Egyptian women

“…However, these results are contradictory. Some researchers reported no significant difference in serum vaspin levels between morbidly obese and controls (21), while others reported significantly higher serum vaspin in obese groups (22,23). Some researchers found no significant difference in serum vaspin levels between type 2 diabetes patients and controls (22), whereas others found a positive correlation of serum vaspin with insulin resistance (23).…”