The GCF sclerostin level may be more reliable than the RANKL/OPG ratio as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of periodontal disease and treatment outcome. Regulation of sclerostin levels may aid the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of periodontal disease.

The periostin levels in gingival crevicular fluid decreased proportionally with the progression and severity of periodontal disease, and negatively correlated with the clinical parameters. Within the limits of the study, the periostin level in gingival crevicular fluid can be considered a reliable marker in the evaluation of periodontal disease susceptibility and activity.

The use of CGF in combination with CAF did not provide additional benefits in RD, CRC and MRC. This study suggests that use of CGF + CAF may increase the success of GRs because of a significant increase in KGW and GT.

Endocan and TNF-α levels, both in GCF and serum, increased from health to periodontitis and decreased with non-surgical periodontal treatment. Within the limits of the study, endocan may be considered as a potential inflammatory marker for periodontal disease.

Systemic and local atorvastatin application showed beneficial effects on periodontium during and after induction of experimental periodontitis. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that atorvastatin, which is used for hypercholesterolemia treatment, can also be used as a protective and therapeutic agent for periodontal disease.

It could be concluded that chemerin levels may act as both diagnostic and prognostic indicators. Chemerin may also play an integral part in the pathologic mechanisms that relate adipokines to both periodontal disease and obesity.

The aim of this clinical study was to determine levels of visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin (vaspin), omentin-1, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of obese and non-obese periodontitis patients following nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Seventy-six subjects were separated into four groups according to periodontal and anthropometric measurements: a periodontal-healthy group, a chronic periodontitis (CP) group, a periodontal-healthy with obesity group, and a CP with obesity group. Nonsurgical periodontal treatment was administered to periodontitis patients. Before treatment and at 6 weeks after treatment, GCF samples were analyzed and clinical periodontal parameters were examined. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure the levels of vaspin, omentin-1, and TNF-α. Obese and non-obese CP patients displayed higher levels of vaspin and TNF-α (P < 0.008), which declined following treatment (P < 0.025), and lower omentin levels (P < 0.008), which increased after treatment (P < 0.025). There was a negative correlation between the total amount of vaspin and omentin-1 in all groups. Obese and non-obese patients had opposing levels of vaspin and omentin-1 in the GCF; therefore, these may represent diagnostic and prognostic indicators of periodontal disease and therapeutic outcome. (J Oral Sci 58, [465][466][467][468][469][470][471][472][473] 2016)

In this animal model of a peri-implant bone defect, restoration was achieved using a combination of autogenous bone and CGF. Further studies are needed to determine the behavior of CGF when used in the repair of bone defects in humans.