Mycorrhizal root colonization in maize fields is more affected by soil management and climate conditions than by plant genotype

Meyer, Edenilson; Betancur-Agudelo, Marcelo; Ventura, Bárbara Santos; Anjos, Karina Goulart dos; Scarsanella, Juliana do Amaral; Vieira, André Steiner; Mendes, Lucas William; Stoffel, Shantau Camargo Gomes; Munarini, Anderson; Soares, Cláudio Roberto Fonsêca Sousa; Lovato, Paulo Emílio

doi:10.1007/s00203-021-02429-w

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Arbuscules as mycorrhizal structures have a short life span and disappear after a few days of formation, continued by the formation of new arbuscules ( Montero et al., 2019 ). Vesicles, however, are long-life storage structures, with a primary role in nutrient storage, a deposit that is released during the plant growth stages with higher nutritional requirements ( Ortiz-Ceballos et al., 2007 ; Meyer et al., 2021 ). Even the low general values of these structures are present along the entire root and remain present after the arbuscules are digested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of mycorrhizal colonization patterns and strategies induced by biostimulator treatments in Zea mays roots

et al. 2022

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Agronomic inputs and technologies, especially fertilizers, act on the evolution of the symbiotic partnership between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and cultivated plants. The use of the MycoPatt method for the assessment of mycorrhizas in maize roots leads to the extraction of large parameter databases with an increased resolution over the colonization mechanism. The application of a biostimulator treatment on plants acted toward a reduction of root permissiveness for mycorrhizas. The phenomenon was noticeable through an increased colonization variability that overlapped with plant nutritional needs. The annual characteristic of the plant was highlighted by the simultaneous presence of arbuscules and vesicles, with a high share of arbuscules in the advanced phenophases. Colonized root parts presented numerous arbuscule-dominated areas in all phenophases, which indicated a continuous formation of these structures and an intense nutrient transfer between partners. Mycorrhizal maps showed the slowing effect of the biostimulators on colonization, with one phenophase delay in the case of biostimulated plants compared to the ones without biostimulators. The forecast models presented gradual colonization in plants without biostimulators, with the expansion of new hyphal networks. The use of biostimulators on plants exhibited a lower permissiveness for new colonization areas, and the mechanism relies on hyphae developed in the former phenophases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of mycorrhizal colonization patterns and strategies induced by biostimulator treatments in Zea mays roots

et al. 2022

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“…The most common procedures in conventional farming are using selected hybrid seeds and applying synthetic insecticides and fungicides (Busse et al, 2001). Farmers growing landrace maize rely more on organic fertilizers than those using modern hybrids, and they also avoid or reduce the use of synthetic agrochemical and soluble fertilizers (Meyer et al, 2021). However, most management procedures, such as tillage or no‐tillage, do not differ among maize producers in the region where this work was carried out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decrease in faeces removal and soil bioturbation by dung beetles in genetically modified maize plantations in southern Brazil

Ferreira

Lovato

Hernández

2023

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Ecosystem functions are the product of the interaction between living and non‐living components, providing goods and services that satisfy the needs of humans and other organisms, directly or indirectly. Dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) contribute to soil improvement through their feeding and reproductive behaviour by removing and burying faeces and thus participating in processes associated with nutrient cycling. Our aim was to investigate the structure of the community of beetles, biomass, and the ecosystem functions performed by them in maize plantations on five farms with GM maize, five with unmodified hybrids, and five with landrace (traditional) maize. We measured faecal removal, soil bioturbation, richness, abundance, and biomass of the dung beetle community. Arenas to quantify functions were installed to measure faeces' burial and the soil turned over by dung beetles. After measuring the functions, beetles were sampled with baited pitfall traps installed at the same sampling points. Ground cover was measured at all sites. Further, nesting houses were installed on each field to check for nesting inside the plantations. We recorded a total of 198 dung beetles belonging to 18 species. The lowest abundance occurred in GM maize plantations, and the highest abundance was found in conventional maize plantations. Dung beetle nesting activity was higher in landrace maize crops. Faeces removal and soil bioturbation had lower values in GM maize fields, mainly due to a decrease in large paracoprids (tunnelers), which are responsible for most ecosystem functions.

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Native mycorrhizal communities in maize roots as affected by plant genotype, starter fertilization and a seed-applied biostimulant

Ujvári,

Grassi,

Cristani

et al. 2023

Plant Soil

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Background and aims One of the most promising strategies for sustainable intensification of crop production involves the utilization of beneficial root-associated microorganisms, such as plant growth-promoting bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The aim of this study was to investigate whether a seed-applied biostimulant, based on the bacterial strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens IT-45 and a plant polysaccharide extract, and crop enhancement tools, such as hybrids with contrasting early vigor and nitrogen (N) plus phosphorus (P) starter fertilization, and their interactions, shape the communities of native root-colonizing AMF symbionts in maize. Methods A factorial growth chamber experiment was set up with two maize genotypes in natural soil. Mycorrhizal colonization was evaluated after root staining. The diversity and composition of AMF communities were assessed by PCR-DGGE of the 18S rRNA gene and amplicon sequencing. Results N and P fertilization determined a consistent reduction of AMF root colonization and, in combination of biostimulant, a reduction of AMF richness. The biostimulant alone generally did not affect AMF colonization or the community biodiversity. In addition the effect of the two factors were modulated by maize genotype. In all treatments, predominant AMF were represented by Glomus sp. and Funneliformis mosseae, while populations of the genus Rhizoglomus were rarely detected in biostimulant and NP fertilization treatments. Conclusion The results of this study increase our understanding of how the biostimulant seed treatment may affect native AMF communities, depending on NP fertilization and maize genotype and may improve the implementation of innovative tools in sustainable and resilient agroecosystems.

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Mycorrhizal root colonization in maize fields is more affected by soil management and climate conditions than by plant genotype

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Models of mycorrhizal colonization patterns and strategies induced by biostimulator treatments in Zea mays roots

Models of mycorrhizal colonization patterns and strategies induced by biostimulator treatments in Zea mays roots

Decrease in faeces removal and soil bioturbation by dung beetles in genetically modified maize plantations in southern Brazil

Native mycorrhizal communities in maize roots as affected by plant genotype, starter fertilization and a seed-applied biostimulant

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