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Vinasse is a highly colored effluent with a high pollutant potential when disposed in the environment. Assays for decolorization of vinasse were performed, selecting the fungus Pleurotus sajor-caju CCB 020. The discoloration was cocominant with the increase of the activities of laccase, manganese-peroxidase and peroxidases. P. sajor-caju demonstrated a rise in biomass production (1.06 g 100 ml -1 ), and the enzyme activities such as laccase (varying from 400 to 450 IU l -1 ) reached between the 9th and 10th day of growth and for MnP at the 12th day of cultivation (varying from 60 to 100 IU l -1 ). It was concluded that the system P. sajor-caju/vinasse can be utilized as a bioprocess for color removal and degradation of complex vinasse compounds. It was observed an improvement in the characteristics and detoxification allowing its utilization as reused water, laccase and manganese-peroxidase enzymes production and for fungal biomass production with a high nutritional value.

This study reports the degradation and decolourization capability of a manganese peroxidase enzyme producing bacterium isolated from pulp and paper mill wastewater. The isolate was identified as Bacillus aryabhattai based on biochemical analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The strain was designated MG966493. This bacterium was able to reduce 67% and 54% colour and lignin, respectively, from the pulp and paper mill wastewater after 144 h of treatment at 32 °C, pH 7.6 and 120 rpm. Further, FT-IR analysis showed that during the lignin degradation process a number of metabolites were produced comprising different functional groups such as carbonyl (C=C), carboxyl (-COOH), alkene (C=C), amines (-NH 2 ), sulphonic (-SO 3 ) and nitro (-NO 2 ). In addition, the SEM analysis showed that the bacterial cells exposed to pulp and paper mill wastewater have rough surfaces with reduced size as compared to the unexposed cells with smooth surfaces. This study concluded that the isolated bacterium B. aryabhattai has significant potential for the bioremediation of pulp and paper mill wastewater and thus, can be applied for their treatment at an industrial scale.

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