Morphometrical development of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum, Cuvier, 1818) under different photoperiods

Abstract

-The experiment was performed with 160 tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) with average weight 11.01±2.08 g and total length 7.8±0.18 cm. Fishes were kept in sixteen aquariums with 56 L of water at 29.1±0.4 o C of temperature, initial stocking density 1.97 g/L and constant aeration. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of photoperiod on fish performance. Treatments consisted of four photoperiods: T1 = 6 hours; T2 = 12 hours; T3 = 18 hours and T4 = 24 hours, with four replicates each. Fishes were fed twice a day with commercial extruded feed (28% of crude protein).The experiment was developed in closed circulation system, with volume of water renewal for each experimental unit equivalent to 40 times daily. Fish biometry was performed at the beginning of the experiment and at every 16 days, in order to follow the effects of treatments on juvenile development. Final weight, total length, standard length, height, feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion, survival, specific growth rate, protein efficiency rate and protein retention efficiency were assessed.Statistical analysis of variables was performed with application of the software SAEG version 9.1, for analysis of variance, regression analysis and Pearson correlation. Positive influence of photoperiod was observed for the studied variables in this study. The studied variables enhanced as the photoperiod increased, mainly between 15 and 22 hours. The photoperiod has significant influence upon growth traits of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum).

Growing in the Dark Warmth: The Case of Amazonian Fish Colossoma macropomum

“…In wild areas, tambaqui lives near or under aquatic vegetation and in forestshaded water bodies where it finds shelter, food, and poor lighting in the muddy waters of Amazonian floodplains (Araujo-Lima and Goulding, 1998). Our data contrast with Mendonça et al (2012) that recommended 15-h or more of light for a better growth performance of tambaqui. We believe that the darkness associated with temperatures above 30 • C offer better conditions for better growth, since they mimic the light and temperature conditions found in nature and in fish farms, especially in the dry season, when Secchi disk reads are 20 cm (Sioli, 1984;Araujo-Lima and Goulding, 1998).…”

Influence of photoperiod on growth, uniformity, and survival of larvae of the Amazonian ornamental Heros severus (Heckel, 1840)

“…As demonstrated in the present study with severum larvae, the photoperiod did not influence the survival rate of Nile tilapia (El-Sayed and Kawanna, 2004;Veras et al, 2013c), silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) (Piaia et al, 1999), tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) juveniles (Mendonça et al, 2012), burbot (Lota lota) juveniles (Trejchel et al, 2013), or Pyrrhulina brevis (Veras et al, 2016). In these cases, the manipulation of the photoperiod probably did not alter the homeostasis of these species and did not change in studies with fingerlings of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) (Zolfaghari et al, 2011) and Nile tilapia (Veras et al, 2013c).…”

“…On the other hand, long and continuous photoperiods have been shown to stimulate the growth of numerous species of fish as in studies of Nile tilapia larvae (El-Sayed and Kawanna, 2004), croaker miiuy (Miichthys miiuy) (Shan et al, 2008), and Pyrrhulina brevis (Veras et al, 2016); Nile tilapia fingerlings (Rad et al, 2006;Bezerra et al, 2008;Cruz and Brown, 2009;Veras et al, 2013a), Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) (Zolfaghari et al, 2011), tambaqui (Mendonça et al, 2012) and red sea bream juveniles (Biswas et al, 2005), striped knifejaw (Oplengnathus fasciatus) (Biswas et al, 2008) and croaker miiuy (Shan et al, 2008).…”

Cultivo de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) em tanques-rede: Aspectos técnicos

“…De acordo com Silva e Fujimoto (2015), a densidade estocagem recomendada para a alevinagem de tambaqui é de 300 alevinos/m 3 . O teor de oxigênio dissolvido deve ser superior a 3 mg/L, o pH deve estar próximo a 7 e a temperatura acima de 28ºC (Gomes et al, 2010;Mendonça et al, 2012) na fase de alevinagem. De acordo com Lima et al (2016) a melhor teor de proteína bruta na ração para alevinos de 0,35 a 15,11 g é de 31,57%.…”