Morphology and peculiar features of spores of fern species occurring in Poland

Abstract

A b s t r a c tThe morphology of fern spores collected from natural sites in Poland was examined under light microscopy. Spore samples represented 44 species in 18 genera and in 13 families. Only spores of Ophioglossaceae were obtained from the herbarium of the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań while the remaining samples were obtained from living plants. Spore size ranges between 20 to 75 μm and the spores of Osmunda regalis and Polypodium interjectum were found to have remarkably large dimensions. The spores are ellipsoidal, tetrahedral and spherical/globoid in shape. Their apertures are monolete or trilete types. The exine surface patterns are baculate, cristate, granulate, reticulate, tuberculate and verrucate. Pictures of the analyzed spores are collected in a contrasting (size, colour) table to make it easier to distinguish between species.The peculiar characters of fern spores are described after a review of major articles concerning the allergenic features of fern spores with special attention to Pteridium aquilinum whose spores and vegetative tissues revealed mutagenic and carcinogenic activity.

Species diversity of Orchids in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Lampung, Indonesia

“…Palynology is a study on the characteristic of spore (in Cryptogamae such as mosses and fern) and pollen (Phanerogamae or Spermatophyta). Palynological data supports the taxonomic status of a species due to the constant characteristic of spore or pollen (Moran et al 2007;Sofiyanti et al 2017;Zenkteler 2012). While the anatomical data is also important for examining the inner structure of a taxon, including the anatomy of stipes.…”

Taxonomic importance of spore morphology in Thelypteridaceae from Northern Pakistan

“…Moon and Sun () reported an equatorial diameter of 57.94 (68.43 ± 4.82) 78.68 and a polar diameter of 30.38 (38.46 ± 3.9) μm. Zenkteler () recorded equatorial and polar diameters of 31–43 μm and 35–48 μm, respectively, in P. connectilis .…”

“…The spore morphology of different species of Thelypteridaceae, as observed by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), has been described by Holub (), Tryon (), Wood (), Smith (), Tryon and Lugardon (,), Shaojun, Quanxi, Wenmei, and Gongxia (), Kim, Sun, and Park (), Stockey, Lantz, and Rothwell (), Moon and Sun (), Tryon and Lugardon (1991a), Zenkteler (), Zhong, Zhang, and Wang (), Ebihara and Nakato (), Li, He, and Zhang (), and Wang et al (). These authors noted differences in size, color, shape, and ornamentation among the studied species, concluding that the spores in Thelypteridaceae are monolete, except Trigonospora that have trilete spores, and ellipsoidal in shape with different ornamentations; these reported characters were then used in the taxonomy of the taxa.…”

It is worth checking old data – validation of Asplenium onopteris L. presence in the most northeastern sites in Europe (Sudetes, SW Poland)

“…Asplenium onopteris L. was included into Polish and European floras, keys to plant identifications [6,7,34] (additionally, [35] and earlier editions), geobotanical and floristic research [36][37][38][39][40][41], Polish checklists and red lists [42][43][44][45][46]. The species is protected by Polish law [47].…”