Molecular characterization of andalas tree dioecious plant [Morus macroura Miq.] using SRAP marker

Abstract

Sumatran Mulberry [Morus macroura var. Macroura] is the mascot [identity] flora of West Sumatra. Clarification of individual sex and genetic variation is necessary for its conservation. The SRAP [Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism] marker system is one of the powerful molecular tools for clarification of individual sex and estimating its genetic diversity of plant species. The purpose of this study was to examine the male and female individuals in Andalas [Morus macroura] trees and to analyze their genetic variation. The fifteen individuals [accessions] of Morus macroura from three locations in West Sumatra [Limau Manis, Padang, Lubuak Gadang, South Solok and Andaleh, Tanah Datar] were collected to provide the DNA samples. A combination of seven primers was used to amplify the fifteens of DNA samples. Specific bands for the sex were examined in selected individuals, and Geneticvariation with four parameters: Number of allele [na], Number of effective allele [ne], Gene Diversity [h]; Shannon’s Information Index [I] were analyzed. The PCR Test indicated that Fifty fragments were obtained from the amplification of DNA samples using seven combinations of primers. The most number of fragments were found in the combination of primer B and E. The specific band at The 20 bp and 30 fragments were useful to distinguish the sex of the examined individual trees. The genetic variation of Morus macroura was moderate low [na=1.540; ne=1.273; h=0.168; and I=0.259]. Genetic diversity of Limau Manis Population [h=0.241] was higher than Lubuak Gadang [h=0.116] and Andaleh population [h=0.148].

Identification of Pinus Merkusii Landrace Belonging to Kerinci - West Sumatra, Indonesia, Using Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (Srap) Technique

“…SRAP is an effective technique for special molecular features to distinguish several levels of taxa, such as the level of section, species, and cultivars (Hao et al, 2008;Xie et al, 2015), and in identifying sex in dioecious plants (Kumar et al, 2019;Aseny et al, 2021). SRAP can also recognize whether the variation in the suspected intersectional hybridization is a new variation resulting from a cross between two sections or not, and further, it proved effective in identifying 14 cultivars of Peony (Paeonia officinalis L.) by showing the specific band parameters in the primary combinations (Hao et al, 2008).…”

Kajian Keragaman Genetik Andalas (Morusmacroura) Untuk Konservasi Genetik Flora Asli Sumatera Barat

“…Pengunaan penanda lain, misalnya Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP), yang telah diujikan pada jenis andalas dari tiga populasi di Sumatra Barat mendapatkan nilai keragaman genetik yang lebih rendah (h= 0,168) (Aseny et al, 2021). Penelitian menggunakan penanda RAPD dan Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) pada beberapa jenis Morus mendapatkan nilai keragaman genetik M. macroura yang rendah, baik pada penanda RAPD (h = 0,15 ± 0,19) maupun pada penggunaan penanda ISSR (h= 0,16 ± 0,19) (Chikkaswamy & Prasad, 2012).…”

“…Kegiatan konservasi andalas telah dimulai dengan banyaknya penelitian yang dilakukan pada jenis andalas. Penelitian pada berbagai aspek genetik antara lain studi keragaman genetik (Aseny et al, 2021;Pohan, 2008;Syamsuardi, 2015), identifikasi jenis melalui penanda barkoding (Erma Nuratika, Nindi Aseny, Syamsuardi, Nurainas, Fitmawati, 2020), mempelajari sistem reproduksi (Anwar & Ismanto, 2012) serta pengembangan metode pembiakan vegetatif (Rahmatullah, 2018). Distribusi pohon andalas yang tersisa di populasi alam juga telah diamati (Alhadi & Zulmardi, 2021;Mahdane, 2013), dan menemukan bahwa masih terdapat potensi genetik andalas yang cukup besar misalnya di Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat yang dapat digunakan sebagai tambahan materi genetik dalam pembangunan plot konservasi andalas.…”